Lecture 1

Question 1

Characteristic of non-Newtonian fluid?

Answer 1

Viscosity can change depending on forces applied.

Question 2

Characteristic of Newtonain fluid’s flow curve? Another word for flow curve? What is the gradient? Explain the flow curve axes. Shear stress equation?

Answer 2

Gradient of rheogram is constant and passes through the origin.

Gradient = viscosity

Y-axis: Shear Stress
X-axis: Shear rate

Question 3

Viscosity definition

Answer 3

Measure of resistance of fluid to gradual deformation due to shear stress.

Question 4

Two types of non-Newtonian fluids?

Answer 4

Shear-thickening: force applied causes more solid behaviour

Shear-thinning: opposite

Question 5

What is viscosity a function of?

Answer 5

Shear rate

Question 6

What is a characteristic of a Newtonian fluid, in terms of shear stress and shear rate?

Answer 6

Relationship between Shear Stress and Shear rate is linear, and passes through origin.

Question 7

What does incompressible mean?

Answer 7

Constant density

Question 8

Brief overview of CFD history from 1600 to 1960s.

Answer 8

1600, Europe: experimental analysis foundations

1700-1800, Europe: theoretical fluid dynamics

1960s, Aerospace Industry: CFD

Question 9

3 pros of CFD

Answer 9

Relatively cheap

Consistent results

Used for complex problems

Question 10

3 cons of CFD

Answer 10

Assumptions

Approximate

Needs validation