Lecture 1 Flashcards
There are 6 levels of organisation. What are they?
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.
What are the 11 organ systems in the body?
Integument, Skeletal, Muscular, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic and Immune, Endocrine, Nervous, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive.
What are the components of the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands.
5 functions of the integumentary system?
Protection, temperature regulation, waste elimination, helps synthesise vitamin D, detects sensations.
Components of the skeletal system?
Bones, joints, cartilage.
4 functions of the skeletal system?
Support and protection, muscle attachments, housing cells that produce blood cells, storing minerals and lipids.
Component(s) of the muscular system?
Skeletal muscle.
3 functions of the muscular system?
Enables movement, stabilises body position, generates heat.
Components of the cardiovascular system?
Blood, heart, blood vessels.
5 functions of the cardiovascular system?
Transport of substances, temperature regulation, water content regulation, defence against disease, repair of tissues.
Components of the lymphatic and immune system?
Lymphatic fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, tonsils.
3 functions of the lymphatic and immune system?
Return of proteins and fluid to blood, carries lipids from GI tract to blood, protect against disease and cancer.
Components of endocrine system?
Hormone producing glands (hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes).
2 functions of endocrine system?
Co-ordinate body functions.
Release hormones from glands to have effect on target organs.
Components of nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs, e.g. eyes.
3 functions of nervous system?
Generate nerve impulses to regulate body activities, detect and respond to stimuli, initiate muscle contraction and gland secretion.
Components of respiratory system?
Lungs and air passages, pharynx and larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli.
3 functions of respiratory system?
Gaseous exchange, regulating acid-base balance of body fluids, enabling sound production when air passes through vocal cords.
Components of digestive system?
- Organs of GI tract: mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, intestines.
- Accessory organs: salivary glands, gall bladder, liver, pancreas.
3 functions of digestive system?
Physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorb nutrients, eliminating solid waste.
Components of urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra.
5 functions of urinary system?
Produce, store and eliminate urine,
eliminate metabolic waste,
regulate volume and chemical composition of blood,
help maintain acid-base balance of body fluids,
regulate production of RBCs.
Components of reproductive systems?
- Male: testes, epididymus, vas deferens, penis.
- Female: ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina.
2 functions of the reproductive system?
Gamete production, hormone release (regulate reproduction and associated body changes during puberty).
