Lecture 1

Question 1

There are 6 levels of organisation. What are they?

Answer 1

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.

Question 2

What are the 11 organ systems in the body?

Answer 2

Integument, Skeletal, Muscular, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic and Immune, Endocrine, Nervous, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive.

Question 3

What are the components of the integumentary system?

Answer 3

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands.

Question 4

5 functions of the integumentary system?

Answer 4

Protection, temperature regulation, waste elimination, helps synthesise vitamin D, detects sensations.

Question 5

Components of the skeletal system?

Answer 5

Bones, joints, cartilage.

Question 6

4 functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 6

Support and protection, muscle attachments, housing cells that produce blood cells, storing minerals and lipids.

Question 7

Component(s) of the muscular system?

Answer 7

Skeletal muscle.

Question 8

3 functions of the muscular system?

Answer 8

Enables movement, stabilises body position, generates heat.

Question 9

Components of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 9

Blood, heart, blood vessels.

Question 10

5 functions of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 10

Transport of substances, temperature regulation, water content regulation, defence against disease, repair of tissues.

Question 11

Components of the lymphatic and immune system?

Answer 11

Lymphatic fluid, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, tonsils.

Question 12

3 functions of the lymphatic and immune system?

Answer 12

Return of proteins and fluid to blood, carries lipids from GI tract to blood, protect against disease and cancer.

Question 13

Components of endocrine system?

Answer 13

Hormone producing glands (hypothalamus, pituitary, thymus, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes).

Question 14

2 functions of endocrine system?

Answer 14

Co-ordinate body functions.

Release hormones from glands to have effect on target organs.

Question 15

Components of nervous system?

Answer 15

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs, e.g. eyes.

Question 16

3 functions of nervous system?

Answer 16

Generate nerve impulses to regulate body activities, detect and respond to stimuli, initiate muscle contraction and gland secretion.

Question 17

Components of respiratory system?

Answer 17

Lungs and air passages, pharynx and larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli.

Question 18

3 functions of respiratory system?

Answer 18

Gaseous exchange, regulating acid-base balance of body fluids, enabling sound production when air passes through vocal cords.

Question 19

Components of digestive system?

Answer 19

• Organs of GI tract: mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, intestines.
• Accessory organs: salivary glands, gall bladder, liver, pancreas.

Question 20

3 functions of digestive system?

Answer 20

Physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorb nutrients, eliminating solid waste.

Question 21

Components of urinary system?

Answer 21

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra.

Question 22

5 functions of urinary system?

Answer 22

Produce, store and eliminate urine,
eliminate metabolic waste,
regulate volume and chemical composition of blood,
help maintain acid-base balance of body fluids,
regulate production of RBCs.

Question 23

Components of reproductive systems?

Answer 23

• Male: testes, epididymus, vas deferens, penis.

- Female: ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina.

Question 24

2 functions of the reproductive system?

Answer 24

Gamete production, hormone release (regulate reproduction and associated body changes during puberty).