lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the 4 major categories of microbes?
Bacteria
Fungi
parasites
viruses
Which is an obligate intracellular microbe?
Viruses
What are the two classes of bacteria
Gram negative- thin peptidoglycan wall and a lipopolysaccharide coat
Gram positive- thick peptidoglycan wall
How is bacterial protein synthesis different from its mammalian host’s?
It initiates protein synthesis with N-formyl methionine
what are the two classes of fungi
single cell yeasts and multicell molds
what are the two classes of parasite
single cell protozoa and multicell worms/helminthes
what are the two classes of virus
enveloped= bud off of host cell at exit non-enveloped= lyse host cell when exiting
Compare Innate and Adaptive immunity
Innate- general recognition, pre-exists before antigen encounter, lasts several hours
Adaptive- specific recognition, develops after antigen encounter, has memory and lasts days
Generative vs Peripheral lymphoid organs
Generative- bone marrow and thymus
peripheral- lymph nodes, spleen, MALT+GALT (ALTs)
What are the types of target binding receptors?
Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) - on innate immunity cells
BCR- for Bcell (found on cell surface or in soluble form aka antibody aka Ig)
TCR- for Tcell ( found only on cell surface
affinity v avidity
affinity- the attraction for receptor to target cell due to noncovalent bond
avidity- the strength of the immune cell to the antigen this is mainly doe to multireceptor interaction
How is antigen presented to adaptive immunity
(1) Macs, dendritic cells, and B cells present the antigen to T cells
(2) follicular dendritic cells present to B cells
What is clonal selection?
The proliferation and differentiation that occurs after antigen is shown to appropriate t or b cell
what are complements
proteins produced by liver cells that create channels in the microbe and cause lysis
