Lecture 1 Flashcards Preview

PHSI 208 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lecture 1 Deck (29)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

physiology

A

study of normal functioning of living organism including all its chemical and physical processes

2
Q

physiology is an….. science

A

integrative

3
Q

emergent properties

A

properties of a system that can’t be explained by knowledge of individual components but the complex, nonlinear interactions

4
Q

physiology is closely tied to…

A

anatomy

5
Q

levels of organization

A

molecules, cells, tissue, organ, organ system

6
Q

functional

A

“why” - considered a teleological approach

7
Q

mechanism

A

“how” - considered a mechanistic approach

8
Q

Physiology often focuses on which approach?

A

mechanistic

9
Q

homestasis

A

ability to maintain a stable internal environment

10
Q

What are key principles in physiology?

A

homeostasis and regulation of the internal environment

11
Q

Who coined the term homeostasis?

A

Walter Cannon, 1929

12
Q

What is considered the internal environment?

A

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

13
Q

extra cellular fluid

A

surrounds cells and is a buffer between cells and external environment

14
Q

dynamic steady state

A

materials constantly moving back and forth; stable disequilibrium

15
Q

homeostasis depends on…

A

mass balance

16
Q

law of mass balance

A

amount of a substance in body is to remain constant - any gain must be offset by an equal loss

17
Q

Maintaining ECF will result in maintenance on…

A

ICF

18
Q

Regulated variables kept within a normal range by…

A

control mechanisms

19
Q

local control systems

A

restricted to tissues or cells involved

20
Q

reflex control systems

A

changes widespread throughout body and refers to any long distance pathway that uses the nervous, and/or endocrine system

21
Q

reflex control is broken down into what two parts?

A

response loop and feedback loop

22
Q

response loop

A

stimulus, sensor, input signal, integrating centre, output signal, target, response

23
Q

feedback loop

A

modulates response loop

-influence the input

24
Q

anatgonistic

A

mechanisms that increase when too low and decrease when too high

25
Q

negative feedback loops

A

response opposes or removes signal; stabilizes; homeostatic; insulin secreted when blood glucose is high

26
Q

positive feedback loops

A

response reinforces stimulus, sending variable farther from set point; require intervention; not homeostatic; labor

27
Q

feedforward control

A

allow body to predict a change is about to occur; hungry (see food)

28
Q

biorhythms

A

variables that change predictably and create repeating patterns of cycles of changes

29
Q

biorhythms

A

variables that change predictably and create repeating patterns of cycles of changes