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Bovine Reproduction > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define polyestrous

A

Regular oestrous cycles throughout the year

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2
Q

Define seasonally polyoestrus

A

Regular oestrous cycles at certain times of the year

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3
Q

Define monoestrus

A

One cycle a year

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4
Q

Duration of oestrous in cattle

A

21 days

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5
Q

Ovulation in cattle

A

24-30 hours

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6
Q

LH surge to ovulation

A

24-28 hours

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7
Q

What does the onset of oestrus coincide with

A

Surge of LH and FSH

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8
Q

What is the duration of oestrus in cattle

A

18h

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9
Q

When does luteolysis occur in cattle

A

Days 16 - 18

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10
Q

What is the number of follicular waves/cycle in cattle

A

2-4 waves of follicular development

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11
Q

What does progesterone have a negative feedback on

A

GnRH and LH

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12
Q

What occurs in the follicular phase

A

Low P4 and increased E2

- Ends in ovulation

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13
Q

When does the luteal phase begin

A

After ovulation

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14
Q

What increases in the luteal phase

A

P4

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15
Q

What does the luteal phase end in

A

Luteolysis

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16
Q

Describe pro-oestrus

A

Formation of ovulatory follicles + increased E2

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17
Q

Describe oestrus

A

Sexual receptivity and peak E2

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18
Q

Describe metoestrus

A

CL formation and start of increased P4

19
Q

Describe dioestrus

A

High P4 and longest stage

20
Q

What does the positive feedback of oestradiol have an effect on the secretion of

A

GnRH and LH

21
Q

When the progesterone concentration is low what is there a negative effect on

A

GnRH and LH secretions

22
Q

What is folliculaogenesis

A

Waves of follicular development occur during the oestrous cycle and in prepubertal, an oestrus and pregnant cows

23
Q

What are the 4 processes involved in follicle waves

A

Recruitment, selection, dominance and atresia

24
Q

Define luteolysis

A

Dinistegration of decomposition of the CL

25
Q

What does luteolysis cause

A

A decline in the concentrations of P4

26
Q

What does oxytocin stimulate the release of

A

PGF2a from the uterus which acts on the CL to initiate luteolysis

27
Q

Early in diestrus what does P4 prevent

A

Formation of oxytocin receptors

28
Q

What is parturition initiated by

A

The foetus

29
Q

What does the foetus increase

A

Foetal ACHT secretion with intern stimulates foetal cortisol production and this increases oestrogen’s prepartum

30
Q

What decreases in the last week of gestation

A

P4

31
Q

During parturition what does an increased PGF2a stimulate

A

Release of maternal oxytocin from posterior pituitary gland which in turn stimulates further PGF2a release by the uterus and uterine contractions

32
Q

How long does uterine involution take

A

30 days

33
Q

What processes are involved in uterine involution

A

Reduction in uterine size, expulsion of lochia, tissue sloughing, reepithelialisation, removal of bacteria

34
Q

What are some factors which can delay uterine involution

A

Dystocia, twinning, uterine infections, ovarian cysts, metabolic disease, lameness

35
Q

When is the optimum fertility postpartum

A

60-90 days

36
Q

How to get LH surge

A

Progesterone low

Oestrogen high

37
Q

Wh cows ovulate what rises

A

Progesterone

38
Q

When oestrogen increases what is releases

A

LH and FSH,

39
Q

What is high in the luteal phase

A

progesterone

40
Q

What follicle is selected

A

The largest one because it has more LH receptors

41
Q

What happens when fertilisation doesn’t occur

A

Atresia

42
Q

What stimulates the release of prostaglandins

A

Oxytocin

43
Q

What pregnancy recognition do cows have

A

Interferon Tau

Bovine Reproduction (2 decks)

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