Lecture 1 - Intro

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of body structure

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of body function

Question 3

True or False: Structure does not determine function

Answer 3

False - structure does determine (or predict) function

Question 4

Trade-offs

Answer 4

Occurs when multiple competing functions are carried out by a single structure

Ex. knee joint - stability, carries upper body weight, bending/twisting

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

Ability to maintain a stable internal environment

Question 6

3 components of homeostasis

Answer 6

1. Sensor - senses stimulus from the external environment
2. Integrator - processes the info from the sensor receptors and sends it to the effector
3. Effector - cell/tissue/organ that responds to the signals to maintain homeostasis

Question 7

Allostasis

Answer 7

Ability to adapt our set points/behaviour to meet different conditions for a future physiological need

Question 8

Physiological allostasis

Answer 8

Our set points can automatically reset during specific states

Question 9

Behavioural allostasis

Answer 9

Occurs when we choose to perform behaviours that aren’t currently needed

Question 10

Why do feedback loops occur?

Answer 10

Occurs when change detected by a sensor triggers an effector response that changes the environment

Question 11

Negative feedback loop + example

Answer 11

Returns the controlled variable towards its set point

Ex. Blood glucose levels

Question 12

Positive feedback loop

Answer 12

Enhances or amplifies changes - each cycle moves the regulated variable further from its initial set point

Ex. Platelet phase of blood clotting