Lecture 1 intro to CS Flashcards
(45 cards)
the study of both computer hardware and software
design. It encompasses both the study of theoretical algorithms and the
practical problems involved in implementing them through computer
hardware and software
computer science
the theory, experimentation, and engineering,
enabling the use of algorithms to process, store, and communicate digital
information.
computer science
A list of instructions that are carried out by a computer to
accomplish one or more tasks
program
Any physical part of a computer system, which can
include the computer itself, or things that can be used with the computer
hardware
a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the
computer how to work
software
two directions of CS
computer science and computer engineering
measures how much work is required to
solve different problems
computational complexity
what provides Guidance for decomposition, aggregation, or simplification
comp. complexity
seeks to answer questions about how efficiently information can be represented and
transmitted through various communication systems
information theory
has wide-ranging applications in various fields, including telecommunications, data compression,
cryptography, signal processing, and even areas beyond engineering and computer science, such as biology and
neuroscience.
information theory
method of protecting information and communications through the use of codes so
that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it.
cryptography
confidentiality, integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation are main goals of
cryptography
designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity and
availability of computer system data from those with malicious intentions
information security(cybersecurity)
focuses on creating high-quality software that meets user
needs, is reliable, scalable, and maintainable, and is developed within the
constraints of time and budget
Software engineering
can perform calculation, data processing, and automated
reasoning tasks
algorithms
Unlike classical
computers, which use bits as the basic unit of data (representing either a 0 or a 1), ______________ use quantum
bits, or qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to the phenomenon of superposition
quantum computers
building and maintaining stable qubits that can perform error-free computations remains a significant
challenge due to the sensitivity of quantum states to
environmental interference
cutting-edge field of computing that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform
computations that would be practically impossible or highly inefficient for classical computers.
quantum computing
type of computation in which many calculations or the execution of processes are
carried out simultaneously.
parallel programming
forms of parallel programming
bit-level, instruction-level, data,
and task parallelism.
software system that acts as an intermediary
between computer hardware and the applications or programs running on it.
operating system
field of study and practice that focuses on creating, manipulating, and displaying visual
content using computers
computer graphics
design and
organization of the various components and
structures that make up a computer system. It
defines how the hardware components work
together to execute instructions, process data,
and perform tasks
plays a
crucial role in determining the performance,
efficiency, and capabilities of a computer system
computer architecture
systematic application of engineering principles,
methods, and practices to the design, development, testing, deployment, and
maintenance of software systems
software engineering
