⭐ LECTURE 1: INTRO TO PHARMA

Question 1

Study of the actions of drugs on the living system

Answer 1

PHARMACOLOGY

Question 2

any chemical that affects the processes of a living organism

Answer 2

DRUG

Question 3

done in the laboratory on experimental animals (rodents and non rodents)

Answer 3

EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY

Question 4

type of pharmacology done on human subjects (normal or deceased)

Answer 4

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Question 5

Detailed study of drugs

Answer 5

PHARMACOLOGY

Question 6

Science of identification, selection, preservation, standardization, compounding and dispensing of medical substances

Answer 6

PHARMACY

Question 7

use of specific drugs to prevent, treat, or diagnose a disease
- two functional areas:
1. Pharmacokinetics
2. Pharmacodynamics

Answer 7

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS

Question 8

Study of how the body absorbs, distributes, and eliminates the drug

Answer 8

PHARMACOKINETICS

Question 9

Analysis of what the drug does to the body

Answer 9

PHARMACODYNAMICS

Question 10

Science of poisons
- measurement and detection of poisons
- treatment of poisoning

Answer 10

TOXICOLOGY

Question 11

Deals with the generic basis for drug responses

Answer 11

PHARMACOGENETICS

Question 12

Effect of drugs upon microorganisms and parasites, living and multiplying in a living organism

Answer 12

CHEMOTHERAPY

Question 13

An official code containing a selected list of the established drugs and medicinal preparations with description of their physical properties and tests for their identity, purity and potency

Answer 13

PHARMACOPOEIA

Question 14

Medication chemically binds to specific sites called receptor sites

Answer 14

DRUG ATTACHMENT

Question 15

DRUG ATTACHMENT: chemical fits at the receptor site well

Answer 15

AGONIST

Question 16

DRUG ATTACHMENT: chemical blocks another chemical from getting to a receptor

Answer 16

ANTAGONIST

Question 17

DRUG ATTACHMENT: attach to the receptor but only produce a small effect

Answer 17

PARTIAL AGONIST

Question 18

BASICS OF DRUG ACTION: expected response of a medication
Side effects – known and frequently experienced, expected reaction to drug

Answer 18

DESIRED ACTION

Question 19

BASICS OF DRUG ACTION: unexpected, unpredictable reactions that are not related to usual effects of a normal dose of the drug

Answer 19

ADVERSE REACTION

Question 20

When one drug alters the action of another drug

Answer 20

DRUG INTERACTION

Question 21

When 2 drugs are given together and double the effect is produced
Eg. Alcohol + Aspirin = Pain relief

Answer 21

ADDITIVE EFFECT

Question 22

When 1 drug interferes with the action of another drug
Eg. Protamine sulfate to counteract heparin toxicity

Answer 22

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT

Question 23

When one drug replaces another at the drug receptor site, increasing the effect of the 1st drug (synergistic effect to the 1st drug)
1st drug has no longer full effect on the body; 2nd drug replaces the site of the 1st drug

Answer 23

DISPLACEMENT EFFECT

Question 24

When 2 drugs mixed together in a syringe produce a given chemical reaction
Eg. Protamine sulfate + Vitamin K = No effect on the body

Answer 24

INCOMPATIBILITY

Question 25

When 1 drug promotes the rapid excretion of another, thus reducing the activity of the 1st drug

Answer 25

INTERFERENCE

Question 26

When the effect of 2 drugs taken at the same time is greater than the sum of each drug given alone Eg. Diuretics + Adrenergic blockers = lower the BP Eg. Proximide + Carvedilol = lowers the BP

Answer 26

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

Question 27

What are the SEVEN sources of drugs?

Answer 27

Plants, Animals, Minerals, Microorganisms, Semisynthetic, Genetic Engineering/DNA Recombinant Tech

Question 28

Identify the source of the drugs: Alkaloids: Morphine, Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Ephedrine Glycosides: Digoxin, Digitoxin

Answer 28

PLANTS

Question 29

Identify the source of the drugs: Insulin and Heparin

Answer 29

ANIMALS

Question 30

Identify the source of the drugs: Ferrous sulphate and Magnesium Sulphate

Answer 30

MINERALS

Question 31

Identify the source of the drugs: Penicillin, Streptomycin, Griseofulvin

Answer 31

MICROORGANISMS

Question 32

Identify the source of the drugs: Hydromorphone and Hydrocodone

Answer 32

SEMISYNTHETIC

Question 33

Identify the source of the drugs: Aspirin and Paracetamol

Answer 33

SYNTHETIC

Question 34

Identify the source of the drugs: Human insulin, Human Growth Hormone (GH), and Hepatitis B Vaccine

Answer 34

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 35

What are the CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS?

Answer 35

CHEMICAL NATURE, SOURCE, SITE OF ACTION, MODE OF ACTION, THERAPEUTIC USE, PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, TYPE OF ACTION

Question 36

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: Technical description of the actual molecule

Answer 36

CHEMICAL NAME

Question 37

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: Proprietary Name” “Trade Name” Name under which the product is marketed

Answer 37

BRAND NAME

Question 38

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: “Official Name” “Nonproprietary Name” Official medical name Often derived from the chemical name

Answer 38

GENERIC NAME

Question 39

CHEMICAL NATURE: Metals and their salts – Ferrous sulphate, Zinc Sulphate, Magnesium Sulphate Non metals – Sulphur

Answer 39

INORGANIC DRUGS

Question 40

Alkaloids – Atropine, Morphine, Strychnine Glycosides – Digitoxin, Digoxin Proteins – Insulin, Oxytocin Esters, Amide, Alcohol, Glycerides

Answer 40

ORGANIC DRUGS