Lecture 1: Med Chem Flashcards
Drug
any substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical actions
biologics
protein drugs
increasing popularity
Biological activity of a receptor requires a drug to:
- move to receptor
- bind to receptor
Tubocurarine
muscle relaxant
acetylcholine
neurotransmitter
same functional groups as tubocurarine but works opposite (quaternary amine)
Pharmacophore
similar structural motif shared by drugs that bind to same target
responsible for BINDING to receptor
recognize active vs inactive compounds
3D structure matters
-other drug properties are affected by different parts of the drug this one is mostly for BINDING
morphine
naloxone
fentanyl
-bind to opioid receptors
-contain piperidine ring and aromatic ring para to the nitrogen
Morphine and Fentanyl
agonists
naloxone
antagonist
Structure-Activity Relationship
structure determines drug activity
modify structure = change properties
examine = predict
Drug properties
dependent on chemical parts of molecule
binding strength, solubility, membrane crossing, degradation speed
Structure
-Size
-Ionization
-Solubility
-Hydrophobicity
-Stereochemistry
Activity
-membrane permeability
-target binding
-metabolism
-excretion
Which of the following drug properties is determined by the STRUCTURE of the drug?
All of the above ?
The structures of morphine and naloxone are shown below. Though their structures are quite similar, morphine is an agonist, and naloxone is an antagonist. What is the reasonable explanation of this difference in drug activity?
Morphine activates the receptor, but naloxone does not.
What does SAR stand for?
structure-activity relationship
The structure of tubocurarine is shown below. Tubocurarine had been used by the South American natives as arrow poison, but they did not experience any adverse effect when they consumed the contaminated meat. What is the reasonable explanation for this?
The poison is not active orally because it has a quaternary amine group.
Based on the drug activities and the simplified structures of the four following analogous drugs, which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
A. The drugs need the half circle for binding to the receptor.
B. The drugs need the half circle for proper solubility.
C. The common half circle region of the active drugs is called a pharmacophore.
D. When the structure of the half circle region is altered, the active drugs may lose their activities.
-drugs need the half-circle for solubility
