LECTURE 1: Nomenclature of Human Teeth

Question 1

Define Dental arch.

Answer 1

Teeth, gingiva, and associated bone

Question 2

Maxillary arch

Answer 2

The upper arch including the associated teeth

Question 3

Mandibular arch

Answer 3

The lower arch and associated teeth

Question 4

Does the mandible or maxillary move?

Answer 4

Mandible

Question 5

What joint does the mandible rotate and translate around?

Answer 5

TMJ

Question 6

How many permanent teeth?

Answer 6

32

Question 7

How many incisors on each arch? And total?

Answer 7

4 each arch, 8 total

Question 8

How many canines on each arch? And total?

Answer 8

2 canines on each arch, 4 total

Question 9

How many premolars on each arch? And total?

Answer 9

4 premolars on each arch, 8 total?

Question 10

How many molars on each arch? and total?

Answer 10

6 molars total, and 12 total

Question 11

Describe the Permanent Dental Formula.

Answer 11

The notation system which describes the number and order of permanent teeth.

Question 12

Does the permanent dental formula describe each arch separately or half of the mouth (half of each arch on the same side)?

Answer 12

Half of the mouth (half of each arch on each side)

Question 13

Each arch is divided in half at the __________. Each half arch is consider a ____________.

Answer 13

Each arch is divided in half at the arch Each half arch is consider a quadrant.

Question 14

Which teeth are considered our anterior teeth? Include how many of each type.

Answer 14

Incisors - 8, canines - 4

Question 15

Which teeth are considered our posterior teeth? Include how many of each type.

Answer 15

Premolars - 8, molars - 12

Question 16

How many deciduous or primary teeth? Describe the amount of each type of tooth in each arch.

Answer 16

20 deciduous teeth.

10 per arch: 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 molars.

Question 17

What type of teeth are missing from deciduous teeth?

Answer 17

Pre molars

Question 18

What substance cover the crown?

Answer 18

Enamel

Question 19

Describe the crown of a tooth.

Answer 19

The upper part of the to other, typically visible in the mouth and covered by enamel

Question 20

What substance covers the root(s) of teeth?

Answer 20

Cementum

Question 21

Can teeth have multiple roots?

Answer 21

Yes, one or more.

Question 22

What is enamel?

Answer 22

The dense hydroxyapatite surface of the crown

Question 23

What is dentin?

Answer 23

The inner hard layer of the crown and root

Question 24

What is pulp

Answer 24

The vascular innervated portion of the tooth

Question 25

What is cementum

Answer 25

The outer layer of the root surface

Question 26

What is DEJ abbreviated for?

Answer 26

Dentoenamel junction

Question 27

What is the DentoEnamel Junction

Answer 27

The junction of enamel and dent ion layers, they meet internally.

Question 28

CEJ stands for

Answer 28

CementoEnamel Junction

Question 29

What is the CementoEnamel Junction

Answer 29

The junction of enamel and cementum layer

Question 30

What is another name for the CementoEnamel Junction

Answer 30

Cervical line

Question 31

What is the cervical line

Answer 31

Junction of the anatomical crown and root

Question 32

What is considered the clinical crown

Answer 32

The portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth

Question 33

What is considered the anatomical crown

Answer 33

The crown above the CEJ

Question 34

Can the anatomical and clinical crown be the exact same? Can the be different? Explain.

Answer 34

Yes, they can be the same. They can also bee different is there’s gingival overgrowth or gingival recession.

Question 35

If there’s gingival overgrowth, will the clinical or anatomical crown be closer to the occlusal surface of a molar?

Answer 35

Clinical crown will be closer to occlusal surface

Question 36

If there’s gingival recession, will the clinical or anatomical crown be closer to the occlusal surface of a molar?

Answer 36

Anatomical crown will be closer to occlusal surface

Question 37

Provide two additional terms for facial

Answer 37

Buccal/labial

Question 38

Provide another word for lingual

Answer 38

Palatal

Question 39

What does facial reference?

Answer 39

The outer most surface toward cheek or lips

Question 40

What does lingual reference?

Answer 40

Inner most surface toward the tongue or palate

Question 41

What does mesial reference?

Answer 41

Toward the the median line

Question 42

What does distal reference?

Answer 42

Away from the median line

Question 43

What does incisal reference?

Answer 43

The biting or insisting edge of anterior teeth

Question 44

What does occlusal reference?

Answer 44

The biting or chewing surface of posterior teeth

Question 45

What teeth would you locate an incisal edge?

Answer 45

Incisors and canines

Question 46

On what teeth would you find occlusal surfaces?

Answer 46

Premolars and molars

Question 47

What is a cusp

Answer 47

They are elevations or projection on a crown.

Question 48

What is a fossa

Answer 48

A depression or con cavity between cusps or ridges

Question 49

What is a ridge

Answer 49

A linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location

Question 50

What is the Cingulum

Answer 50

The lingual crown projection on anterior teeth

Question 51

What is a groove

Answer 51

The line between the primary parts of a crown or root

Question 52

What is a pit

Answer 52

A pinpoint depression at the junction or termination of a groove.

Question 53

What is a lobe

Answer 53

Primary center of development within a tooth

Question 54

What are mamelon

Answer 54

They are round projections of enamel on newly erupted teeth. They are incisal remnants of incisor development

Question 55

What is furcation

Answer 55

Where the root divides

Question 56

What is the root apex

Answer 56

The opening in the root for entrance of pulp

Question 57

What re the 3 parts of the pulp?

Answer 57

Pulp chamber, pulp horn, pulp canal

Question 58

What is pulp

Answer 58

The vascular innervated portion of the tooth

Question 59

What is the pulp chamber

Answer 59

The chamber containing the dental pulp

Question 60

What is the pulp horn

Answer 60

The highest projection of pulp chamber within the crown

Question 61

What is the pulp canal

Answer 61

The inner portion oof the root containing the dental pulp

Question 62

What is periodontium

Answer 62

The tissues that surround the teeth

Question 63

What is does periodontium include

Answer 63

Gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament

Question 64

What do gums or gingiva cover?

Answer 64

They cover the bone and surrounds the cervical portions of teeth

Question 65

What 3 sections are the gums divided into

Answer 65

Free gingiva, attached gingiva, interdental papilla

Question 66

What is the alveolar mucosa and what color is it typically

Answer 66

The loose attachment to the underlying bone, dark red

Question 67

What is the mucogingival junction

Answer 67

The junction of the alveolar mucosa and gingiva

Question 68

Describe free gingiva

Answer 68

Closer to the tooth crown, not attached to the bone

Question 69

Describe the free gingival groove

Answer 69

It separates attached gingiva from free gingiva

Question 70

Describe interdental papilla (or gingival papilla)

Answer 70

The triangular shaped gingiva that occupies the gingival embrasure

Question 71

Describe the gingival sulcus

Answer 71

It’s not seen visually, but can be evaluated with a periodontal probe.

Question 72

What is the space between tooth surface and narrow cervical collar of free gingiva

Answer 72

Gingival sulcus

Question 73

Describe periodontal ligament (PDL)

Answer 73

Surrounds tooth root and attached tooth to alveolar bone (periodontal fibers)

Question 74

Describe alveolar bone

Answer 74

Forms and supports tooth sockets, also known as alveolar process