Lecture 1: Pelvis and Perineum

Question 1

Pelvis is formed by what 4 bones?

Answer 1

2 hip bones, coccyx and sacrum

Question 2

The hip or coxal bone consists of:

Answer 2

the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis

Question 3

tan =

green =

red =

Answer 3

tan = ilium

green = ischium

red = pubis

Question 4

The pelvic brim or iliopectineal line divides what from what?

(pelvic brim vs. pelvic inlet)

Answer 4

•The pelvic brim or iliopectineal line divides the pelvis into the pelvis major (false pelvis) above and the pelvis minor (true pelvis) below.

pelvic brim is the bony edge that surrounds the pelvic inlet (aka superior pelvic aperture) (pelvic inlet is the actual space)

Question 5

Pelvic Brim relationships:

Posteriorly:

Answer 5

•sacral promontory, the ala of the sacrum

Question 6

Pelvic Brim relationships:

Laterally:

Answer 6

Laterally: arcuate line, pecten pubis

Question 7

Pelvic brim relationships:

Anteriorly:

Answer 7

•pecten pubis, pubic crest, superior margin of the pubic symphysis

Question 8

yellow =

Answer 8

Question 9

green =

Answer 9

Question 10

red =

Answer 10

Question 11

blue =

Answer 11

Question 12

purple =

Answer 12

Question 13

red + blue + purple (combined)

Answer 13

Question 14

Ureter crosses the ____ – a site of ____

Answer 14

•Ureter crosses the pelvic brim – a site of urinary stone obstruction

Question 15

Obturator foramen is formed by

• ___ and ___ of ___
• ___ and ___ ____

Answer 15

Obturator foramen is formed by:

• body and ramus of ischium
• superior and inferior pubic rami

Question 16

Pelvis : It is surrounded by *** subdivided into *** and ***

Answer 16

Pelvis : It is surrounded by the pelvic girdle (bony pelvis), subdivided into greater (false) and lesser pelvis (true)

Question 17

Greater/major/false pelvis: Occupied by ____ (___ and ___)

Lesser/minor/ true pelvis: Includes the ____ and ____

Answer 17

Greater/major/false pelvis: Occupied by abdominal viscera (ileum and sigmoid colon)

Lesser/minor/ true pelvis: Includes the true pelvic cavity & perineum

Question 18

A =

Answer 18

Iliac crest

Question 19

B =

Answer 19

anterior gluteal line

Question 20

c =

Answer 20

anterior superior iliac spine

Question 21

D =

Answer 21

anterior inferior iliac spine

Question 22

e =

Answer 22

body of ilium

Question 23

f =

Answer 23

superior ramus of pubis

Question 24

g =

Answer 24

body of pubis

Question 25

h =

Answer 25

h = inferior ramus of pubus

Question 26

i =

Answer 26

obturator foramen

Question 27

j =

Answer 27

inferior gluteal line

Question 28

k =

Answer 28

posterior gluteal line

Question 29

L =

Answer 29

posterior superior iliac spine

Question 30

M =

Answer 30

posterior inferior iliac spine

Question 31

N =

Answer 31

greater sciatic notch

Question 32

O =

Answer 32

acetabullum

Question 33

P =

Answer 33

ischial spine

Question 34

Q =

Answer 34

lesser sciatic notch

Question 35

R =

Answer 35

body of ischium

Question 36

S =

Answer 36

ischial tuberosity

Question 37

T =

Answer 37

ramus of ischium

Question 38

A= B= C =

Answer 38

Question 39

D = E = F =

Answer 39

Question 40

G = H = I =

Answer 40

Question 41

A = B = C =

Answer 41

Question 42

D = E = F =

Answer 42

Question 43

G = H = I =

Answer 43

Question 44

J = K = L =

Answer 44

Question 45

Lumbosacral joint

Answer 45

o Between the L5 vertebra and the sacral promontory o Stabilized by iliolumbar ligaments

Question 46

sacrococcygeal joint

Answer 46

o Between sacrum and coccyx = “tail bone” o Stabilized by the lateral, anterior, and posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments o Cartilaginous joint

Question 47

Sacroiliac joint o Between ___ and \_\_\_ * o Stabilized by \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_, and ___ ligaments o Anteriorly is ____ (type of joint) * important for \_\_\_\_ * under the influence of \_\_\_\_ * has ____ during pregnancy o Posteriorly is ____ (type of joint) * formed by \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_, and ____ ligaments * Important for \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 47

Sacroiliac joint o Between sacrum and ilium (the articular surfaces) o Stabilized by interosseous, anterior, and posterior sacroiliac ligaments o Anteriorly is synovial joint * Important for movement (synovial fluid prevents friction) * Under the influence of hormones, (has laxity during pregnancy) o Posteriorly is fibrous joint (syndesmosis) * Formed by ligaments: sacrospinous, sacrotuberous, and interosseous * Important for weight-bearing (transmits weight from the vertebral column to the hip bones)

Question 48

**pelvic brim is formed by:** - ____ and \_\_\_\_ - \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ * **which together form a contineous oblique ridge consisting of the:** * ______ on the \_\_\_\_\_\_ * ______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_ * **forming the superior border of the** ______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 48

pelvic brim is formed by: - **sacral promentory** and **ala of the sacrum** (superior surface of it's lateral part, adajcent to the body of the sacrum) - a **right and left linea terminalis** (terminal line) * which together form a continuous oblique ridge consisting of the: * **arcuate line** on the **inner surface of the ilium** * **pectin pubis** (pectineal line) and **pubic crest** * forming the superior border of the **superior ramus** and **body of the pubus**

Question 49

iliolumbar ligament

Answer 49

-supports the lumbosacral joint connects the transverse process of the L5 vertebra to the iliac crest

Question 50

greater sciatic foramen - formed by the ____ and \_\_\_\_ - boundaries: (inferior, superior, anterolateral, posteromedial)

Answer 50

Formed by the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments Boundaries Inferior: sacrospinous ligament and the ischial spine Superior: anterior sacroiliac ligament Anterolateral: greater sciatic notch of the ilium Posteromedial: sacrotuberous ligament

Question 51

Piriformis muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen into ___ and \_\_\_

Answer 51

Piriformis muscle divides the greater sciatic foramen into suprapiriform and infrapiriform foramina.

Question 52

lesser sciatic foramen - formed by the ____ and \_\_\_\_ - boundaries: superior, anterior, posterior

Answer 52

Formed by the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments Boundaries Superior: sacrospinous ligament and the ischial spine Anterior: ischial tuberosity Posterior: sacrotuberous ligament