Lecture 1 Test Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is the scientific name for the common bottle-nose dolphin?
Tursiops Truncatus
How many species in the order cetacea
87 ( 1 extinct)
What two suborders are living cetaceans divided into?
Mysticeti ( baleen) and Odontoceti ( toothed)
Root of Odontoceti
greek: odontos “tooth”
How many species of dolphin?
- EX: bottle nose, pacific white- sided, pilot, killer
When did the National Marine Fisheries Service change its terminology
2010
Inshore ecotype adaptations
adapted for warm, shallow waters. Its smaller body and larger flippers suggest increased maneuverability and heat dissipation
offshore ecotype adaptations
adapted for cooler, deeper waters. Certain hematologic characteristics indicate that they may be better adapted for deep diving. The larger body type assists in heat conservation and defense against predation
Where are inshore bottlenose dolphins found
typically seen in bays, tidal creeks, inlets, marshes, rivers and waters along the open beach, often at depths of 3m (9.8 ft.) or less
What is their diet?
The diet of coastal bottlenose dolphins is diverse and depends upon location.
· Many dolphin eat only fish.
· Some dolphins eat a small number of cephalopods, crustaceans, small rays and sharks.
· They generally consume about 5% of their body weight daily (Barros and Odell, 1990).
· There is strong evidence that bottlenose dolphins are selective feeders, taking fish disproportionately based on their availability in the environment and especially selecting soniferous
Fusiform
torpedo like
tail fluke
fibrous connective tissue
dorsal fin
fibrous connective tissue, provides balance and stability
pectoral flippers
Similar skeletal structure to that of the human hand
o Can be articulated
o Used for steering and stopping
Morphometrics
phometrics
· The mass and length of animals varies by geographic location.
· Body size of the bottlenose dolphin appears to vary inversely with the water temperature of the location (the colder the water, the larger the animal).
· In some populations there are size differences between the genders with females growing faster during the first decade of life, and males usually growing larger later in life.
· In other populations there are no size differences between the genders.
· Average age to reach adult mass:
o Females attain most of their adult mass by 10-12 years of age.
o Males reach adult size around 13 years of age or older (several years after
Average adult length
at AMMPA faciltiy: 8.5 ft.
Wild: 7.2-8-8 ft ( max reported is 12.5)
How much thicker is a dolphin’s epidermis compared to ours?
15-20 ( no scent or sweat glands)
Dolphin’s core body temperature
98.7
counter current heat exchange
o Counter current heat exchange is used to regulate heat loss to the environment.
o Arteries carry warmed blood away from the core of the body towards the periphery.
o Veins carry cooled blood from the periphery to the body’s core.
o In many mammals, including humans, deeply placed major arteries supplying the extremities are accompanied by two or more veins. Heat is transferred between the arteries and the accompanying veins.
o Diffusion allows for the arteries to release their heat to the surrounding veins, cooling the arterial blood heading to the extremities and warming the venous blood as it returns to the core.
what does homodont mean
all teeth are the same size and shape
non-deciduous
only have one set
how many teeth
72-104 ( 18-26 per row, 4 rows)
Taste?
detect three, if not all four
Range of hearing
75 ro 150,000 hz ( human 20-20,000)
