Lecture 10&11 Mycology

Question 1

Are Fungi Eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Are Fungi unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 2

Can be both

Question 3

Name the four major phyla

Answer 3

Chytrids
Zygote fungi
Sac fungi
Club fungi

Question 4

Name the nutritional strategies that fungi have to obtain nutrients

Answer 4

Parasitic (animals and plants)
Saprotrophic (grow on dead material)
Symbiotic (e.g algae in lichens)

Question 5

Describe the habitat that fungi prefer

Answer 5

Moist
Aerobic
Largely mesophilic 15-30C
Heterotrophic- require a source of carbon and energy

Question 6

Describe the structures present inside of a fungi

Answer 6

Mycelium- Spread under the medium like roots
Hyphae- Spaghetti like structures that spread throughout the entire body, ending in spore-producing structures.
Reproductive structure- Protects the Hyphae and spore-producing structures

Question 7

What does the fungal hypha contain?

Answer 7

Organelles
Nucleus (often many nuclei)
Membrane-bound vesicles
Microtubules and microfilaments

Question 8

What is a septa (singular septum)?

Answer 8

Divides cells in the hypha by perforating cross walls

Question 9

Name the 6 advantages of filamentous growth

Answer 9

Rapid colonisation
Tip secretes enzymes to break down complex growth substrates
Branching ensures efficient absorption of substrates
Maintains high extension rates under poor nutrient conditions
Maximises chances of finding new substrates
Can capture nutrients in face of competition

Question 10

What is karyogamy?

Answer 10

Fusion of nuclei

Question 11

What is plasmogamy?

Answer 11

Fusion of cytoplasm

Question 12

Name the 4 stages in the Asexual reproduction cycle for fungi