Lecture 10

Question 1

How do animals exchange materials with the environment?

Answer 1

Digestive system, excretory system, circulatory/respiratory systems

Question 2

How does an animal interact with and respond to its environment?

Answer 2

external structures, nervous system, muscular system

Question 3

Arthropods have _____ bodies, _____ limbs and what kind of skeleton?

Answer 3

segmented bodies; jointed limbs and chitinous exoskeleton

Question 4

How many total segments are in the crayfish?

Answer 4

20 segments

Question 5

How many head& thorax segments are there?

Answer 5

14

Question 6

How many abdomen segments are there?

Answer 6

6

Question 7

In the head, segment 1 is…

Answer 7

compound eyes

Question 8

In the head, segment 2 is…

Answer 8

Antennules

Question 9

In the head, segment 3 is…

Answer 9

Antennae

Question 10

In the head, segment 4 is…

Answer 10

Mandible

Question 11

In the head, segment 5 is…

Answer 11

1st maxilla

Question 12

In the head, segment 6 is…

Answer 12

2nd maxilla

Question 13

In the thorax, segment 7 is…

Answer 13

1st maxilliped

Question 14

In the thorax, segment 8 is…

Answer 14

2nd maxilliped

Question 15

In the thorax, segment 9 is…

Answer 15

3rd maxilliped

Question 16

In the thorax, segment 10 is…

Answer 16

chelipeds

Question 17

In the thorax, segment 11 is…

Answer 17

2nd walking legs

Question 18

In the thorax, segment 12 is…

Answer 18

3rd walking legs: female genital pore

Question 19

In the thorax, segment 13 is…

Answer 19

4th walking legs

Question 20

In the thorax, segment 14 is…

Answer 20

5th walking legs: male genital pore

Question 21

In the abdomen, segment 15 is…

Answer 21

swimmerets (male modified)

Question 22

In the abdomen, segment 16 is…

Answer 22

swimmerets (male modified)

Question 23

In the abdomen, segment 17 is…

Answer 23

swimmerets

Question 24

In the abdomen, segment 18 is…

Answer 24

swimmerets

Question 25

In the abdomen, segment 19 is...

Answer 25

swimmerets

Question 26

In the abdomen, segment 20 is...

Answer 26

Telson/uropods

Question 27

Crayfish males mount over females or females mount over males.

Answer 27

males mount over females

Question 28

Crayfish sperm viable for...

Answer 28

couple of years

Question 29

What kind of circulatory system do crayfish have?

Answer 29

open circulatory system

Question 30

What anatomical parts of crayfish help with gas exchange?

Answer 30

gills

Question 31

What is the oxygen carrier in blood for crayfish?

Answer 31

hemocyanin

Question 32

Which body system includes the pericardial sinus?

Answer 32

Circulatory (I think)

Question 33

Chordates include...

Answer 33

Cephalochordates (lancelets or amphioxus) Urochordates (tunicates or sea squirts) Vertebrates

Question 34

Chordata is defined by the presence of four morphological features

Answer 34

pharyngeal gill slits, nerve cord, notochord, and post-anal tail

Question 35

Vertebrates are a monophyletic group distinguished by 2 synapomorphies

Answer 35

vertebrae and the cranium

Question 36

Key innovations in the vertebrate lineage

Answer 36

jaws, limbs capable of moving on land, amniotic egg, hair and lactation

Question 37

Mammals are a monophyletic class 3 distinguishing characteristics

Answer 37

hair/fur, endothermy, mammary glands

Question 38

Difference between rats and homo sapiens

Answer 38

rats don't have an uvula, gall bladder, appendix, experience satiation. Rats can't burp or vomit Cecum is a fermentation factory - digest cellulose

Question 39

What did Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire suggest?

Answer 39

body plan of vertebrates was a flipped over version of invertebrate plan vertebrates and invertebrates have the same master control genes using the same body-building instructions

Question 40

Crayfish vs Rat: Circulatory system

Answer 40

Crayfish: Open, heart with arteries Rat: Closed, Double circuit

Question 41

Crayfish vs Rat: Excretory system

Answer 41

Crayfish: Green gland and released as ammonia Rat: Kidney and released as urea

Question 42

Crayfish vs Rat: Nervous system

Answer 42

Crayfish: Ganglion/nerves Rat: CNS/PNS

Question 43

Crayfish vs Rat: Special sensory organs

Answer 43

Crayfish: Antennae, compound eye Rat: Single lens eye, nose, tongue, ear

Question 44

Crayfish vs Rat: Gas exchange

Answer 44

Crayfish: gills Rat: lungs

Question 45

Crayfish vs Rat: Mechanical digestion

Answer 45

Crayfish: Gastric mill Rat: Teeth (jaws)

Question 46

Crayfish vs Rat: Chemical digestion

Answer 46

Crayfish: Digestive gland Rat: Mouth, stomach, pancreas

Question 47

Crayfish vs Rat: Food absorption

Answer 47

Crayfish: Digestive gland Rat: Small intestine

Question 48

Crayfish vs Rat: Role of hind gut

Answer 48

Crayfish: Pass undigested food to anus Rat: absorb water/pass undigested food to anus

Question 49

Crayfish vs Rat: Male morphology

Answer 49

Crayfish: Testis, vas deferens, genital pore Rat: Testis, vas deferens, urethra

Question 50

Crayfish vs Rat: Female morphology

Answer 50

Crayfish: Ovary, oviduct, genital pore Rat: Ovary, oviduct, uterine horns, vagina

Question 51

Crayfish vs Rat: Fertilization

Answer 51

Crayfish: external fertilization Rat: internal fertilization

Question 52

What organ in the rat is responsible for expelling nitrogenous wastes?

Answer 52

kidney