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CHEM 115 > Lecture 11 > Flashcards

Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

ΔHrxn gas

A

1 atm, ideal gas (not interacting)

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2
Q

ΔHrxn liquid

A

1M concentration

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3
Q

ΔHrxn pure substance

A

Standard state at 1 atm and 25 degrees C

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4
Q

What does putting NaCl into water do?

A

Aqueous solution with Na + (aq) + Cl - (aq)

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5
Q

Soluble

A

When a solid dissolves in a solvent

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6
Q

Miscible

A

When one liquid “dissolves” into another liquid

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7
Q

Nonelefcrolytes

A

Retain their molecular structure when dissolved in water

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8
Q

Gases: temp and solubility

A

Temp (up), solubility (down)

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9
Q

Solids (Temp and solubility)

A

Temp (up), solubility (up)

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10
Q

Concentration

A

Relative amount of solute and solvent in the solution

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11
Q

Dilute

A

Relatively small amount of solute

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12
Q

Concentrated

A

Relatively large amount of solute

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13
Q

Saturated

A

Largest amount of solute possible in that solvent at that temperature

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14
Q

Supersaturated solution

A

Contains more solute than the maximum expected in that solvent at that tempersture (unstable)

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15
Q

Molarity (concentration)

A

mol of solute/ L of solution

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16
Q

Solubility

A

Maximum amount of solute that can be added to solvent to achieve a stable, equilibrium solution

17
Q

Molality units

A

Moles of solute/ kg of solvent

18
Q

Molarity units

A

Moles solute/ volume solution

19
Q

Mass percentage (parts per millions)

A

Grams solute/ grams solvents

20
Q

Mole fraction

A

Moles of solute/moles of solution

21
Q

UV-VIS Spectroscopy

A

Measurement of absorption of UV or visible light by a substance

22
Q

Visible regions

A

UV: 190-400 nm
Visible: 400-700nm

23
Q

Releasing light

A

When excited electrons fall back to normal energy levels

24
Q

Water is transparent above

A

190 nm

25
Q

Beer-Lambert Law

A

A = εbl

ε - extinction coefficient (molar absorptivity)
c - concentration (usually M)
l - path length (often 1cm)

26
Q

Process to “release” excess energy

A

Fluorescence, phosphorescence, heat, photochemistry

27
Q

Standard solution

A

Solutions with unknown concentrations

28
Q

Calibration curve

A

A general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration

29
Q

The higher the pressure,

A

The higher the solubility

30
Q

UV-VIS bands are

A

Broad bc of different vibrational, rotational, translational states

31
Q

Electrolyte be non electrolyte

A

Electrolyte: aqueous solution conducts electric current well
Non: apps solution does not conduct electric current

CHEM 115 (29 decks)

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