Lecture 12 - coughing diseases (specht)

Question 1

overweight middle age to older toy breed dog with a worsening, loud, NP, “goose honk” , cough

Answer 1

collapsing trachea

Question 2

a dog that had a sudden worsening of collapsing trachea probably has

Answer 2

concurrent dz

Question 3

be very careful about __ with collapsing trachea dogs

Answer 3

stress

Question 4

dx collapsing trachea

Answer 4

TXR; lateral inspiratory and expiratory views
fluoroscopy
bronchoscopy

Question 5

__ collaspe is visible on expiratory films

Answer 5

intrathoracic

Question 6

__ collapse visible on inspiratory films

Answer 6

extrathroacic

Question 7

acute emergency tx for collapsing trachea

Answer 7

O2
sedative (diazepam, ace, opioids)
anti-inflamm; steroids
intubation or tracheostomy

Question 8

medical management of collapsing trachea

Answer 8

weight reduction!!! 
replace collar with harness 
minimize exercise
reduce inhaled irritants (smoke) 
anti-tussives (lomotil) 
short term glucocorts

Question 9

intreventional management of collapsing trachea

Answer 9

salvage procedures when med management has fialed
external prostheses
stents

Question 10

sudden onset of severe NP or P cough that is easily induced by tracheal palpation and recent hx of contact

Answer 10

canine infectious respiratory dz

Question 11

T/F: there are generally signs of systemic illness with canine infectious resp dz

Answer 11

false, NO signs

Question 12

definitive dx for CIRD

Answer 12

PCR

Question 13

tx for CIRD

Answer 13

Avoid strenuous exercise

cough suppressants PRN in NP cough cases (not productive coughs!)

Question 14

most cases of CIRD don’t require __ bc it is self-limiting and often viral in orgin

Answer 14

ab

Question 15

__ are contraindicated in CIRD

Answer 15

steroids, increases viral shedding

Question 16

dx bacterial pneumonia

Answer 16

TTW or BAL or pulmonary FNA; degenerative neutrophilic inflammation +/- bacteria

Question 17

__ is contraindicated in bacterial pneumonia casese

Answer 17

antitussives (except if cough is extremely debilitating, want to hack up all the flem)

Question 18

tx for bacterial pneumonia should continue for at least __ beyond resolution of clinical/rad signs

Answer 18

2wks

Question 19

young, unvaccinated, highly exposed dog

Answer 19

viral pneumonia; distemper and influenze

Question 20

diffuse miliary/nodular interstitial pattern, hilar lymphadenopathy, and coughing

Answer 20

fungal pneumonia

Question 21

for fungal pneumonia treat at least __ beyond resolution of CS/Rads

Answer 21

1-2mo

Question 22

__ are controversial in treating fungal pneumonia bc may suppress IS futher and limit inflammaotyr response to dying fungi

Answer 22

steroids

Question 23

secondary to vomiting, dysphagia, megaesophagus, altered consciousness, force-feeding and incorrect placement of feeding tubes

Answer 23

aspiration pneumonitis

Question 24

T/F: many cases of aspiration pneumonitis do not require ab

Answer 24

true

Question 25

__ may increase the risk of secondary bacterial pneumonia

Answer 25

PPI or H2 blockers (decrease stomach acid = bacteria grow)

Question 26

tx for aspiration pneumonia

Answer 26

symptomatic | O2, nebulization, coupage, head lower than chest if recumbent

Question 27

when should you consider using Ab to tx aspiration pneumonia

Answer 27

no improvement in 2-3d inflamm leukogram worsening fever develops animal on H2 blockers or PPI

Question 28

most common cause of chronic cough in dogs

Answer 28

canine chronic bronchitis

Question 29

idiopathic long-term airway inflammation in middle age overweight dogs

Answer 29

canine chronic bronchitis

Question 30

most common CS for canine chronic bronchitis

Answer 30

chronic, dry NP cough

Question 31

tx for canine chronic bronchitis

Answer 31

damage to airway is mostly irriversible, so must tx CS rather than cure dz glucocorticoids bronchodilators +/- cough suppresants and ab weight loss

Question 32

mainstay tx/single most effective therapy for canine chronic bronchitis

Answer 32

steroids! (prednisone)

Question 33

canine chronic bronchitis case that has exercise intolerance and wheezing may want to add a

Answer 33

bronchodilator; relax the bronchial SM beta agonists (terbutaline, albuterol) methylxanthines (aminophylline)

Question 34

cough suppressant that can be used in NP cough or severe coughs

Answer 34

hydrocondone | SE: drowsiness, constipation

Question 35

CIRD contagious acute dz of dogs caused by which agents

Answer 35

``` canine parainfluenza virus canine adenovirus 2 bordetella bronchiseptica canine influenza mycoplasma canine distemper ```

Question 36

other ddx for acute coughing include

Answer 36

``` PTE CHF FB non-cardiac pulm edema eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy post-nasal drip hemorrhage ```

Question 37

if you stress a patient with __ they can rapidly progress and die

Answer 37

tracheal collaspe

Question 38

__ is the permanent dilation of the bronchi and is a complication of chronic respiratory dz; higher risk of infection

Answer 38

bronchiectasis

Question 39

__ is a term used to describe a variety of conditions which share eosinophilic infiltration

Answer 39

eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy idiopathic