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ANSC315 EXAM 2 > Lecture 13 > Flashcards

Lecture 13 Flashcards

1
Q

which two organizations manage nutrition requirements for cats and dogs

A

AAFCO and NRC

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2
Q

When was AAFCO developed

A

1994

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3
Q

AAFCO provides nutrition profiles for

A

adult maintenance
growth/reproduction
huge safety factors

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4
Q

What are some dietary issues that cats and dogs share similarities with humans?

A

over-nutrition -> obesity and diabetes (cats)

nutrition imbalances -> Ca and UTIs

immune response/acute food rxns: dermatitis, food hypersensitivity

Preferences -> flavors odors textures

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5
Q

Modified Atwater Factors tended to _______ ME diets w/ low measure ME and ________ those with high measured ME

A
  • overpredict

- underpredict

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6
Q

Which has a greater ME? Racing sled dogs or working sled dogs?

A

racing sled dogs

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7
Q

Carbohydrate sources for dogs and cats

A

corn, rice, wheat, and oats

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8
Q

In dog and cat feed, which is more important: processing or source

A

processing

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9
Q

Are cats more or less tolerant than dogs are to CHO

A

less

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10
Q

Glucose requirement can be met by __________ if adequate protein and fat are available

A

gluconeogenesis

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11
Q

cats maintain a constant state of ______

A

gluconeogenesis

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12
Q

Are carbs required in canine/feline diets

A

no

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13
Q

Fiber can be beneficial to the diet by ______

A
  • maintaining stool consistency
  • helping with weight loss
  • delaying gastric emptying
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14
Q

lactation, gestation, and performance diets require ______ dietary fat than maintenance diets.

A

more

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15
Q

Sources of fat in cat/dog feed is ______

A
  • tallow
  • lard
  • vegetable oil
  • poultry fat
  • marine oils
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16
Q

When is fat added in most dry foods?

A

after extrusion; sprayed on the pellet/product so it is absorbed

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17
Q

which Essential fatty acids are required by both dogs and cats?

A

linoleic acid

linolenic acid

18
Q

in cats, _______ acid is made from _______

A

arachidonic

gamma-linoleic acid

19
Q

what are good sources of protein in cat/dog feed?

A 
meat meal
meat and bone meal
meat byproducts
liver and organ meats
milk byproducts
fish meal
tankage
soybean/corn germ/ corn gluten/ soy flour meal
20
Q

arginine is the precursor to _____ in the urea cycle

A

ornithine

21
Q

arginine deficiency can develop into________ within hours

A

hyperammoniemia

22
Q

symptoms of arginine deficiency include

A

vomiting, muscles spasms, ataxia, sensitivity to touch, coma, and death

23
Q

arginine deficiency is _____ severe in dogs than cats

A

less

24
Q

______ is very important in cats

A

taurine

25
Q

taurine deficiency can lead to ______ in cats

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

feline central retinal degeneration

26
Q

usually the first limiting amino acid in meat-based diets

A

methionine-cysteine

27
Q

T/F trace minerals are almost always added at the requirement with basal concentration as a safety factor

A

True

28
Q

T/F cats can synthesize vitamin A

A

false

29
Q

dry pet foods are _____ DM

A

90%

30
Q

Semi-moist pet foods are ______ DM

A

15-30%

31
Q

pros of dry food

A

more convenient
better for teeth
economical

32
Q

cons of dry food

A

processing losses
unnecessary carbohydrates
dilute with fillers
shelf-life issues (freshness)

33
Q

pros of wet food

A

flavorful
long storage
less process nutrient loss

34
Q

cons of wet food

A

purchasing water
spoilage of uneaten portion
dentition issues
high protein an fat on DM basis

35
Q

cats have a more _______ palate than dogs

A

complex

36
Q

If a food states that it has met AAFCO’s requirements, what is it saying?

A

the food has been tested by AAFCO regulations and has met its criteria for sale

37
Q

factors to consider in evaluating pet feeds

A
  • complete and balanced nutrition
  • palatability
  • digestibility
  • metabolizable energy content
  • feeding cost
  • reputation of manufacturer
  • dental health contribution
  • taurine content (cats only)
  • urine-acidifying content (cats only)
38
Q

chocolate contains _______, which is toxic to dogs and cats because it slows their metabolism

A

theobromine

39
Q

incidence rate of diabetes in cats

A

1 in 50 to 1 in 400

40
Q

which is the predominant form of diabetes in cats

A

type II (adult onset, insulin resistance)

ANSC315 EXAM 2 (8 decks)

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