Lecture Flashcards
(25 cards)
Approaches to staffing
- Ethnocentric
- Polycentric
- Geocentric
Organizational structures
- Influence Organization
- Matrix Organization
- Autonomous Organization
Fields of Activity / Types of services
- Traditional / Direct Foreign Construction
- T+B-foreign Expansion
- Engineering Services
Financing Models
Build-Own-Operate
(BOO)
Build-Own-OperateTransfer (BOOT)
Build-Operate-Transfer
(BOT)
Build-Rent-Transfer
(BRT)
Design-Build-Operate
(DBO)
Design-Build-OperateTransfer (DBOT)
Design-Construct-ManageFinance (DCMF)
Renovate-Own-Transfer
(ROT)
Project financing
- Cash-Flow Financing
- Off-Balance-Sheet Financing
- Risk Sharing
- Sponsor
Strategies of procurement financing
- Local Sourcing
- National Sourcing
- Global Sourcing
- Supplier credit
- Bill of exchange
- Operate-Leasing
- Finance Leasing
Strategies of the procurement organization
- Central procurement
- Lead-Buyer System
- Decentralized procurement
Spare parts supply
Option 1:
Provision of an extensive spare parts warehouse
Option 2:
Quick purchase and transportation after demand determination
Optimal: Combine both (Phase 1 - Opt.1, Phase 2 - Opt.2)
International Commercial Terms (Incoterms)
EXW - Ex Works
FCA - Free Carrier
FAS - Free alongside ship
FOB - Free on board
CFR - Cost and freight
CIF - Cost, insurance and freight
CPT - Carriage paid to
CIP - Carriage and insurance paid to
DAP - Delivered at place
DPU - Delivered at place unloaded
DDP - Delivered duty paid
Dealing with risks
- risk avoidance
→ lack of opportunity utilization - risk shifting
→ insurance fee - risk acceptance (self-carrying)
→risk awareness - risk reduction
→ risk strategy
Risk potential
- General management risks
- Operational risks
- External risks
- Force majeure
- Other risks
Methods in the Risk Assessment Process
Systematized empirical data:
- Checklist for risks
- Damage catalog
Creativity techniques
- Brainstorming
- Delphi method
Retrospective Analysis
- Damage analysis
- Indicator analysis
- Scenario analysis
Statistical analysis
- Standard deviation Interpretation
- Monte-Carlo-Simulation
Factors influencing the success of the assignment
- Qualified local employees
- Clear and conflictfree role
- Decision-making autonomy and influence
- Clear competence guidelines
- Host country knowledge in the head office
- Opportunity to maintain contacts or visit
- Company culture and cohesion in the host country
Posting design
- Transparent and uniform assignment guidelines
- Careful selection of personnel
- Culture-related preparation (with partner)
- Continuous support
- Long-term return planning
- On-site assistance, „start-up package“
- Financial attractiveness
Host Country Environment
- Cultural distance from the home country
- Difficulties of the local language
- Legal and bureaucratic barriers
- Quality of life and leisure
- Supportive network of foreigners
Culture types according to Lewis
LINEAR-ACTIVE
- fact-, task-oriented
- structured way of working
- direct statements
MULTI-ACTIVE
- dialogue and relationship
oriented
- emotional, impulsive
- flexible
REACTIVE
- Respectful and listening
- Factual and relationship
oriented
- Avoiding open confrontation
Intercultural competence development according to M.J. Bennett
- Denial - There is only one’s own way.
- Defence - Your own way is the best way.
- Downplay - The differences are irrelevant.
- Accept - There are different ways to do/see things.
- Adapt - Use new methods to act more effectively.
- Integrate - Smooth transition between different cultures
Team building process with the Tuckmann phase model
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Mourning
Possible actions of the project manager in the intercultural team building process:
- Kick-off event
- Information about new culture
- Organization of an intercultural training
- Facilitate exchange
- Allocation of tasks according to strengths
- Driving the solution finding process
- Common goals
Success factors for intercultural cooperation
- Good project organization
- Willingness to accept constructive criticism
- Positive basic attitude
- Cultural awareness
- Solid language skills
Leadership styles
- Authoritarian
- Patriarchal
- Advisory
- Consultative
- Participative
- Delegative
- Democratic
FIDIC - The Red Book
- Intended for building and civil engineering works designed by (or on behalf of) the Employer. The Contract may require the Contractor to supply plant and / or execute some design.
- Contract comes into effect when the Employer accepts the Tender by issuing the Letter of Acceptance. The Parties may then sign a Contract Agreement.
- Administration by the Engineer, with data in the Appendix to Tender prescribing one of two options:
a) the Engineer acts impartially when carrying out certain actions, which include making prearbitral decisions; or
b) the Engineer does not act impartially, and pre-arbitral decisions are made by the Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB) jointly appointed by the parties.
FIDIC - The Yellow Book
- Intended for plant and for building and engineering works designed by (or on behalf of) the Contractor. However, the Employer may have executed some design.
- Contract comes into effect when the Employer accepts the Tender by issuing the Letter of Acceptance.
The parties may then sign a Contract Agreement. - Administration by the Engineer, with data in the Appendix to Tender prescribing one of two options:
a) the Engineer acts impartially when carrying out certain actions, which include making prearbitral decisions; or
b) the Engineer does not act impartially, and pre-arbitral decisions are made by the Dispute
Adjudication Board (DAB) jointly appointed by the parties
FIDIC - The Silver Book
- Intended for EPC – Engineer, Procure, Construct – Contract, where the responsibility for the design lies solely with the Contractor in accordance with the Employer’s Requirements.
- Contract comes typically into effect when signing the Contract Agreement.
- Contractor carries out all engineering, procurement, construction providing a fully-equipped facility, ready for operation at ‘ the turn of a key ‘.
- Administration by the Employer – unless he appoints a Representative.
- Lump sum contract price,
