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GIS > Lecture > Flashcards

Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What is GIS

A

Geographic Information System

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2
Q

computerized mapping software

A

GIS

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2
Q

computerized database management system for capture, storage, retrieval, manipulation, analysis and display of spatial data.

A

GIS

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3
Q

It allows you to overlay datasets and query them in terms of their spatial relation to each other.

A

GIS

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4
Q

System of computer hardware, computer software and geographical data.

A

GIS

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5
Q

Give the benefits of GIS

A
  1. Improved information sharing and flows
  2. Better informed decision making
    3.Stronger competitive ability
  3. Greater analysis and understanding of the problems
  4. Sound justification for decisions made
  5. Enormous time savings
  6. Faster and up to date information
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6
Q

What are the three basic types of GIS applications?

A
  1. Inventory application
  2. Analysis application
  3. Management application
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7
Q

GIS Applications

A

Agriculture
Forestry
Wildlife
Archaeology
Geology and management
Socio-economic/ Goverment

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8
Q

What does the GIS provides to foresters and nr managers?

A

Powerful tools for better analysis and decision making

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9
Q

GIS applications in Forestry

A

Timber assessment and management
Pest management
Environmental Impact assessment
Harvest scheduling and planning

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10
Q

A GIS links ________ and ________ data such as _______ and _______ data, which allows you to do predictive modelling for planning and compliance purposes

A

geographic, attribute, lab, field

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11
Q

Components of GIS

A

Software
Hardware
Data
People
Methods

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12
Q

It is the physical framework on which the systems operates.

A

Hardware

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13
Q

Its capabilities affects the processing speed, ease of use, and the type of output available.

A

Hardware

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14
Q

The various computer programs that provide the functions and tools needed to store, analyze, and display geographic information

A

GIS Software

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15
Q

Samples of GIS Software

A

ArcView
ArcGIS
QGIS
IDRISI (TerrSet)

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16
Q

What are the functions provided by GIS Software?

A

Data entry
Editing
Data management
Analysis
Output

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17
Q

It is the well designed plans or management frameworks that are fallowed in the operation of the GIS

A

Methods

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18
Q

Models and operating practices which is unique and are mainly based on the objectives set by the diff. organizations

A

Methods

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19
Q

A successful GIS operates according to a ________ _____ ______ which are the models and operating practices unique to each organization

A

well designed plan

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20
Q
  1. Data input
    2.
    3.
  2. Data output
A

2.Data management
3.Data analysis

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21
Q

Most important component in a GIS.

A

People

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22
Q

People must ________ the _______ and ________ the _____ of the GIS.

A

Develop the procedure, define the task

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23
Q

The most expensive component in GIS

A

Data

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24
Q

A combination of graphic and tabular data

A

Data

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25
Q

2 Types of GIS Data

A
  1. Geometry data
  2. Attribute data
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26
Q

It provides the descriptive characteristics of the geographic features

A

Attribute Data

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27
Q

GIS digitally models the real world using:

A

1.Data table
2. Types of geometry
3. Cells in an image

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28
Q

Types of geometry data

A

Raster data
Vector data

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29
Q

A digital data that have been captured as points, lines or areas

A

Vector data

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30
Q

Type or geometry data with discrete features

A

Vector data

31
Q

Data based on pixel

A

Raster data

32
Q

What is the fundamental unit if a raster?

A

PIXEL

33
Q

A continuous data with fixed resolution

A

Raster data

34
Q

The data structures are presented in a grid or pixel that is referenced to some coordinate system

A

Raster data

35
Q

Raster data formats

A

TIFF
BMP
ENVI
BIL
BIP
GIF
GRID
IMAGINE
Image
JP2
JPG
PNG

36
Q

Vector data formats

A

shp
shx
dbf
prj
sbn
shp.xml

37
Q

Examples of raster data

A

Air photos
Scanned maps
Elevation layers

38
Q

Each cell has discrete _________ assigned to it

A

Attributes

39
Q

It requires less processing but consumes more computer storage space

A

Raster data

40
Q

What format does remote sensors on satellites store data?

A

Raster data

41
Q

DTM

A

Digital terrain model

42
Q

DEM

A

Digital elevation model

43
Q

The details in pixels of an image

A

Spatial resolution

44
Q

It is the length of each side of a square pixel

A

Spatial resolution

45
Q

The back end database of spatial data

A

Attribute data

46
Q

The information linked to the geographic features in a GIS, usually stored in a table

A

Attribute data

47
Q

Attribute data are the ________________ associated with a point, line, or area in elements in a GIS

A

non-graphic information

48
Q

Matrix of rows and columns

A

Data tables

49
Q

Rows

A

Records

50
Q

Columns

A

Fields

51
Q

Types of attribute data

A

Categorical data
Numeric data

52
Q

A type of categorical data that deals with class or categories

A

Nominal data

53
Q

A type of categorical data that deals with ranking information

A

Ordinal Data

54
Q

A type of numerical data that deals with numerical values

A

Ratio data

55
Q

A type of numerical data that deals with ranges of numerical values

A

Interval data

56
Q

GIS Tasks

A

Input
Manipulation
Management
Proximity analysis
Query and analysis
Overlay analysis

57
Q

A task where before geographic data can be used in GIS the data must be converted into a suitable digital format

A

INPUT

58
Q

Data will be transformed in some way to make them compatible with you system

A

MANIPULATION

59
Q

Best used as an database management system to help restore, organize and manage data

A

MANAGEMENT

60
Q

Once you have functioning GIS containing you geo info, you can begin to ask simple questions.

A

Query and anlaysis

61
Q

The integration of different data layers involves a process called

A

Overlay

62
Q

A visual operation but analytical operations require one or more data layers to be joined physically

A

Overlay analysis

63
Q

A GIS task that have the results of visualized map or graph.

A

Visualization

64
Q

Maps are very efficient at __________ and ___________ geographic Information

A

storing, communicating

65
Q

A cross platform free and open source desktop GIS

A

Quantum GIS

66
Q

Your most often used set of tools can be turned into ___________ for basic access

A

Toolbars

67
Q

It is where the map itself is displayed

A

The Map Canvass

68
Q

Shows you information about the current map and allows you to adjust the map scale

A

The status bar

69
Q

It can be drawn using one symbol, or unique symbol for each feature or feature class

A

Layer

70
Q

Other term for table of content

A

Layer list table

71
Q

Data in QGIS are called

A

Layers

72
Q

It represents a distinct set of geographic features in a particular geographic data source

A

Layer

73
Q

What is shown in the table of contents?

A
  1. Name of the layer
  2. Legend of layer
  3. ON or off
  4. Order
  5. Active or not
  6. Editable
74
Q

It shows the symbols and colors used to draw the layer

A

Layers legend

GIS (3 decks)

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