Lecture 14, 15, 16, 17

Question 1

3 functions of the abdominal wall

Answer 1

-houses and protects major viscera
-assists in breathing
-intra-abdominal pressure used to aid in urination, defecation, and childbirth and core strength

Question 2

rectus abdominus blood supply

Answer 2

superior epigastric and inferior epigastric artery

Question 3

blood supply from heart to superior epigastric

Answer 3

aorta -> subclavian artery -> internal thoracic artery -> superior epigastric artery

Question 4

blood supply from heart to inferior epigastric

Answer 4

aorta -> common iliac -> external iliac -> inferior epigastric artery

Question 5

organs protected by the ribs

Answer 5

liver, spleen, stomach, gall bladder

Question 6

what makes up the pelvic inlet

Answer 6

sacrum, pubic symphysis, bony rim of pelvis

Question 7

camper’s fascia

Answer 7

superficial fascia, more anterior part, fatty

Question 8

scarpa’s fascia

Answer 8

posterior part of superficial fascia, membranous

Question 9

what triangle can you find the internal oblique be found in

Answer 9

lumbar triangle

Question 10

what nerves makes up the upper ab muscles

Answer 10

subcostal T12
intercostal T7-11

Question 11

what makes up the lower abdominal innervation

Answer 11

subcostal T12
intercostal T7-11
ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric T12-L1

Question 12

superficial portion of the inguinal area

Answer 12

external oblique

Question 13

intermediate portion of the inguinal area

Answer 13

internal oblique

Question 14

in what region does the rectus pass through?

Answer 14

rectus passes through deep inguinal area

Question 15

epigastric pain

Answer 15

pain from abdominal region of foregut

Question 16

umbilical region pain

Answer 16

pain from mid gut

Question 17

pubic region pain

Answer 17

pain from hindgut

Question 18

which peritoneum covers the organs directly?

Answer 18

visceral peritoneum

Question 19

intraperitoneal contents

Answer 19

-Spleen
-Stomach
-Small intestine
-Liver
-Gall bladder
-Cecum (w/ appendix)
-Ovaries (and uterus/uterine tubes)
-Tail of pancreas
-Large intestine (transverse and sigmoid)

Question 20

intraperitoneal is covered by

Answer 20

peritoneum and contains mesentary

Question 21

retroperitoneal

Answer 21

no mesentery

Question 22

difference between mesentery and omentum

Answer 22

-mesentery connects intraperitoneal organ to posterior abdominal wall and is visceral peritoneum
-omentum is double layer of peritoneum and extends from stomach to other organs

Question 23

what is in the retroperitoneal

Answer 23

-Suprarenal/adrenal glands
-Aorta/IVC
-Duodenum
-Pancreas (except tail)
-Ureters
-Colon (ascending and descending)
-Kidneys
-Esophagus
-rectum

Question 24

volvulus

Answer 24

intestine can become twisted around adhesion with resulting bowel obstruction

Question 25

the lesser omentum affects which organs

Answer 25

esophagus liver gall bladder

Question 26

function of the pancreas

Answer 26

gland assists in digestion and insulin. Releases juices to break down food after food leaves stomach. regulates blood sugar

Question 27

spleen function

Answer 27

filters blood, part of immune system RBC recycled here WBC stored here helps fight infections

Question 28

which part of the intestine descends off the stomach?

Answer 28

pyloric canal/sphincter -> duodenum

Question 29

which artery supplies the small intestine

Answer 29

jejunum and ilium off of superior mesenteric

Question 30

what nerve supplies the small intestine

Answer 30

Splanchnic and vagus

Question 31

what is the parent of the superior mesenteric artery

Answer 31

aorta

Question 32

Crohn's disease

Answer 32

inflammatory bowel disease causes inflammation of digestive tract

Question 33

reasons for appendicitis

Answer 33

-infection -hard stools -growth, tumor

Question 34

the racetrack on the large intestine is the...

Answer 34

taeniae coli

Question 35

bifurcation of aorta

Answer 35

L4

Question 36

bifurcation of common iliac veins into inferior vena cava

Answer 36

L5

Question 37

what occurs at L1 vertebrae

Answer 37

-conus medullaris -beginning and upper limit of duodenum -hila of kidney -neck of pancreas -origin of superior mesenteric artery from aorta -L crus of diaphragm

Question 38

L kidney location

Answer 38

rib 11 to L3-4

Question 39

R kidney location

Answer 39

from rib 12 to L3-4

Question 40

location of HILA of the kidney

Answer 40

L1

Question 41

how many layers are there to the stomach

Answer 41

3 layers

Question 42

which ducts lie posterior to the duodenum?

Answer 42

common bile duct pancreatic duct

Question 43

peyer's patches

Answer 43

facilitate immune response- trap foreign particles and destroy them

Question 44

circular folds

Answer 44

slow passage of food and increased surface area for absorption

Question 45

liver function

Answer 45

-filters blood from digestive tract before passing to rest of the body -secretes bile that end up in intestines -helpful with immune system -supports every organ in body

Question 46

diseases of the liver

Answer 46

Hep A, B, C, D, E, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis

Question 47

ligamentum teres

Answer 47

-round ligament -fibrous remnant of umbilical vein of fetus

Question 48

into what does the gall bladder drain?

Answer 48

cystic duct -> common hepatic duct -> common bile duct

Question 49

gall bladder function

Answer 49

stores bile, helps break down food, absorbs fat

Question 50

what is known as the silent killer?

Answer 50

pancreatic cancer

Question 51

arteries that come off celiac trunk

Answer 51

L gastric common hepatic splenic

Question 52

celiac trunk affects which organs

Answer 52

spleen, liver, gallbladder, stomach

Question 53

superior mesentery artery supplies which organs

Answer 53

small intestine and pancreas

Question 54

superior mesenteric artery supplies...

Answer 54

large intestine

Question 55

where does the portal vein travel

Answer 55

venous drainage of spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and abdominal part of GI tract to deliver blood to liver