Lecture 14

Question 1

horse nutrition is managed by _____

Answer 1

no identifiable federal agencies

state and private sources

Question 2

horses eat more continuously than cattle or sheep because they lack a ______

Answer 2

large rumen

Question 3

Traditional horse forages

Answer 3

• hays (legumes and grass)
• silages can be used but practice is not common
• species include warm/cool season grasses and legumes

Question 4

hays must be free of ______ for horses

Answer 4

mold and dust

Question 5

T/F adult horses with light work or maintenance can meet their energy requirements with forages alone

Answer 5

true

Question 6

T/F “sweet” feeds are used in horse feed to increase palatability

Answer 6

true

Question 7

energy density is increased in horse diets by _______

Answer 7

adding fat to the diet

Question 8

horses fed diets high in soluble fiber were better at maintaining ______ better during exercise

Answer 8

blood volume

Question 9

ideal protein for horses is similar to that of ______

Answer 9

swine

Question 10

potential detrimental effects of excess protein in horses

Answer 10

• increased water turnover
• increased heat production
• increased ammonia in stable environment

Question 11

physiological stages of the horse

Answer 11

• maintenance
• performance (maintenance + work)
• growing foals
• growing yearlings
• brood mares (breeding and gestating)

Question 12

recommended BCS score for maintenance horses

Answer 12

5

Question 13

requirements for moderate work are ______

Answer 13

50% > than maintenance

Question 14

requirements for intense work are ____

Answer 14

2x maintenance

Question 15

primary nutrients for a performance horse

Answer 15

• energy
• water
• electrolytes

Question 16

the goal of nutrition in feeding the growing horse

Answer 16

• maximize genetic potential for growth

- produce a sound musculoskeletal system

Question 17

when feeding a suckling foal provide _____ feeds

Answer 17

complete -> highly fortified with minerals and vitamins

Question 18

nutrition management practices to prevent Developmental Orthopedic Disease

Answer 18

• feed moderate growth rate
• don’t breed to a line of horses known to have OCD
• keep BCS at 5-6
• provide access to turnout/exercise
• feed a BALANCED ration

Question 19

what is colic

Answer 19

a blockage due to feed impaction, parasites, or torsion that prevents the horse from properly eating a digesting food. They get blocked and can’t do anything about it

Question 20

what is laminitis

Answer 20

AKA founder, abnormal hoof growth after inflammation of coronary band of the hoof

Question 21

symptoms of laminitis

Answer 21

• fever (103-106 F)
• extreme pain in walking
• visible inflammation of coronary band
• separation of hoof from the foot
• distorted laminae of the hoof

Question 22

what are the causes of laminitis

Answer 22

• lush pastures
• high concentrate diets
• uterine infections
• (theories below)
• vasoactive amines produced in cecum
• bacterial toxins produced during fermentation
• traumatic/mechanical overload

Question 23

What is Heaves

Answer 23

AKA, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or Restrictive Airway Obstruction (RAO)

respiratory disease of horses resulting in sign of chronic coughing, decreased exercise tolerance, difficulty breathing, and abnormal lung sounds

Question 24

etiology of RAO

Answer 24

• more frequent in stabled horses
• more frequent in winter and spring
• greater in southern hemispheres
• seldom seen in horses younger than 4

Question 25

causes of RAO

Answer 25

• respiratory allergens (dust)

- periods of high pollen and mold spore counts