Lecture 17: Cell Biology in Infectious Disease Flashcards
what is HIV
retrovirus which infects and replicates in CD4+ cells
what does HIV do CD4+ cells
progressive depletion - impairing immune system
how is HIV transmitted
xchange of bodily fluids
blood
semen
vaginal secretions
breast milk
what is the treatment
anti-retroviral therapy - a cocktail of drugs
who does AIDS develop in
those who have a CD4 count of less than 200cell/ul
what does HIV attache to
CD4 receptors on the cell membrane
how is HIV cDNA integrated into the hosts
by enzyme integrase
how does the ER have a role in the replication of viral HIV mRNA
viral protein gp160 processed by proteases in the ER and golgi apparatus
what is Vif
protein that helps the virus to evade host antiviral defenses by targeting the hosts APOBEC3 proteins for degradation
what is APOBEC3
innate immune effectors that are able to restrict the replication of HIV by introducing mutations into the viral genome
what does Gag do
facilitates virus assembly and budding by interacting with other viral and host cell proteins
drives the deformation of the host cell membrane leading to budding of the virus particle from host cell
