Lecture 17: Sleep/EEG

Question 1

Proper name for night owls?

Answer 1

Delayed sleep phase from circadian or clock problems

can be shifted by using bright lights in the morning to try and shift your body clock, is a real problem that stops people from working.

Question 2

thoughts on why we sleep?

Answer 2

Synaptic shrinkage during sleep to make room for new connections the following day

• lose unnecessary/insignificant memories
• brain tidying up
• happens when the brain is offline

Question 3

Teenagers and sleep

Answer 3

circadian rhythm is late

debate about school start times

Question 4

Sleep architcture?

Answer 4

Two types

1. Rapid eye movement (REM)
2. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM)

Question 5

3 major groups of sleep symptoms?

Answer 5

• Insomnia
• excessive daytime sleepiness
• parasomnias

Question 6

Insomnia

Answer 6

Primary insomnia (tired but still very alert)

Secondary insomnia (due to substances, psychiatric, medical or neurological conditions)

Circadian rhythm problems

Jet lag

shift work sleep disorder

Often: perfectionists, overthinkers and ruminators, controlling types

Question 7

Excessive daytime sleepiness?

Answer 7

Difficulty in maintaining desired wakefulness

falling asleep at inappropriate time

excessive time sleeping

(narcolepsy - sleep attacks)

Question 8

Parasomnias

Answer 8

Everthing abnormal including sleep walking, sex, eating, talking, screaming

Question 9

Treatment

Answer 9

Is multi-modal and includes psychological, behavioral, biological BUT you must first have the correct diagnosis.

Bright light exposure is the best for shifting circadian clock.

caffeine, modafinil -(wakes you up for 6-8h with no buzz)