Lecture 19

Question 1

what is the jobs of the cranial meninges

Answer 1

1. protect the brain
2. form supporting framework for vasculature and venous sinuses
3. enclose the cerebrospinal fluid filled subarachnoid space

Question 2

where do the cranial meninges lie

Answer 2

lie immediately deep to the cranium

Question 3

order of the meninge layers

Answer 3

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

Question 4

what is the space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater

Answer 4

subarachnoid space

Question 5

what is the subarachnoid space filled with

Answer 5

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 6

how does the cranial dural mater differ than the spinal dura mater

Answer 6

it consists of a outer periosteal layer and an inner meningeal layer

Question 7

what are the four dural infoldings

Answer 7

falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
falx cerebelli
diaphragma sellae

Question 8

what does the falx cerebri separate

Answer 8

lies in the longitudinal cerebral fissure to seperate the cerebral hemispheres

Question 9

what does the tentorium cerebelli separate

Answer 9

the occipital lobes of cerebrum from the cerebellum; divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments

Question 10

what is the purpose of the falx cerebelli

Answer 10

partially separates the cerebellar hemispheres as it lies inferior to tentorium cerebelli

Question 11

location of the diaphragma sellae

Answer 11

horizontal shelf of meningeal dura mater - suspended between the clinoid processes, forming the roof of the sella turcica that covers the pituitary gland

Question 12

bony landmarks for the falx cerebri

Answer 12

anteriorly = frontal crest of frontal bone and crista gali of ethmoid bone
Posteriorly = internal aspect of occipital protuberance

Question 13

bony landmarks for the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 13

clinoid processes of sphenoid bone, pertrous part of temporal bone, parietal and occipital bones

Question 14

what are arachnoid granulations

Answer 14

visible as outward bulges of the dura mater. transfer CSF to the venous system

Question 15

what are dural venous sinuses

Answer 15

endothelial-lined spaces, located within the dura, between the periosteal and meningeal dural layers

Question 16

how many dural sinuses are there

Answer 16

7

Question 17

what dural sinus lies in the superior border of the falx cerebri

Answer 17

superior sagittal sinus

Question 18

boney landmarks of the superior sagittal sinus

Answer 18

begins at the crista galli, ends near the internal occipital protuberance at the confluence of sinuses

Question 19

what dural sinus lies in the inferior border of the falx cerebri

Answer 19

inferior sagittal sinus

Question 20

where does the inferior sagittal sinus end

Answer 20

into the straight sinus

Question 21

location of the straight sinus

Answer 21

runs along the line of attachment of the falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli

Question 22

what does the straight sinus join

Answer 22

the confluence of sinuses

Question 23

where does the occipital sinus lie

Answer 23

posterior border of falx cerebelli

Question 24

where does the occipital sinus end

Answer 24

superiorly at the confluence of sinuses

Question 25

where is the transverse sinus located

Answer 25

laterally from the confluence of sinuses in posterior margin of tentorium cerebelli; continuous with sigmoid sinus

Question 26

location of the sigmoid sinus

Answer 26

continuation of the transverse sinus. after it passes through the jugular foramina it is then the internal jugular vein

Question 27

where is the cavernous sinus located

Answer 27

bilaterally on sides of sella turcica on the body of the sphenoid bone

Question 28

four parts of the internal carotid artery (superior to inferior)

Answer 28

cerebral part cavernous part petrous part cervical part

Question 29

where do the vertebral arteries arise from

Answer 29

in the neck from the subclavian arteries and ascend vertically in the neck passing through the transverse foramina of cervical vertebrae (C6-C1)

Question 30

what do the vertebral arteries meet as

Answer 30

the basilar artery

Question 31

what does the basilar artery provide

Answer 31

posterior cerebral branches to brainstem superior cerebellar anterior inferior cerebellar

Question 32

what are the posterior communicating arteries

Answer 32

small arteries that provide a link between the posterior cerebral arteries and internal carotid arteries

Question 33

what does the internal carotid artery provide

Answer 33

middle cerebral anterior cerebral

Question 34

what do the anterior communicating arteries connect

Answer 34

connects both anterior cerebral arteries