Lecture (2/20) Week 6 Tuesday

Question 1

The central auditory system is composed of

Answer 1

brain stem
cerebrum (diencephalon & telencephelon)
corpus callosum (1/3 is auditory)

Question 2

Which bone contains the organs of hearing and balance?

Answer 2

Temporal bone

Question 3

What are the 4 parts of the temporal bones?

Answer 3

squamous
mastoid process
tympanic
petrous

Question 4

Describe placement of squamous portion

Answer 4

-in front of and above ear canal
-fan-like

Question 5

describe the mastoid process

Answer 5

-behind ear
-very thick
-filled with holes

Question 6

describe the tympanic portion

Answer 6

-forms bottom and sides of ear canal

Question 7

describe the petrous portion

Answer 7

-medial portion projecting inward
-contains organs of hearing and balance (vestibular system and cochlea)

Question 8

The outer ear is the most ____ and _____ portion of the auditory pathway

Answer 8

lateral, inferior

Question 9

the outer ear is part of the _____

Answer 9

peripheral auditory system

Question 10

What is the auricle or pinna made of

Answer 10

cartilage

Question 11

What are the parts of the pinna

Answer 11

-helix
-crus helix
-tragus
-cavum concha
-cymba concha
-antihelix
-antitragus
-lobe
-triangular fossa

Question 12

What divides the concha into 2 areas?

Answer 12

crus helix

Question 13

what is the upper portion of the concha?

Answer 13

cymba concha

Question 14

the antihelix separates the ______ from a triangular depression

Answer 14

cymba concha

Question 15

the _____ is the bump above the lobe

Answer 15

antitragus

Question 16

what is the most inferior part of the pinna?

Answer 16

lobe

Question 17

what is the depression above the antihelix and below the helix

Answer 17

triangular fossa

Question 18

What is the opening to the external auditory canal called?

Answer 18

external auditory meatus

Question 19

What shape is the external auditory canal?

Answer 19

S-shaped

Question 20

the external auditory canal extents _____ and _______ for 2.5cm in adults

Answer 20

medially and posteriorly

Question 21

the EAC begins and ends with a downward slope to allow for _____

Answer 21

drainage

Question 22

the slope at the end of the external auditory canal may lead to the formation of _____

Answer 22

fungus

Question 23

Which portion of the EAC contains hair follices?

Answer 23

outer 1/3

Question 24

the outer 1/3 of the EAC contains sweat glands called

Answer 24

ceruminous glands

Question 25

what forms wax in the outer 1/3 EAC?

Answer 25

ceruminous glands and sebaceous glands

Question 26

what portion of the EAC contains no glands or hair?

Answer 26

inner 2/3

Question 27

the inner 2/3 of EAC pass through the _____ section of the temporal bone

Answer 27

tympanic

Question 28

What is the point where the outer 1/3 and inner 2/3 of the EAC meet?

Answer 28

osseocartilaginous junction

Question 29

the osseocartilaginous junction lies directly above the ____ joint

Answer 29

temporomandibular joint

Question 30

what is a site of secondary pain for TMJ syndrome

Answer 30

osseocartilaginous junction

Question 31

What are the nerve innervations for the EAC?

Answer 31

trigeminal (V) facial (VII) glossopharyngeal (IX) vagus (X)

Question 32

coughing is due to what nerve

Answer 32

IX

Question 33

fainting is due to a combo of what nerves?

Answer 33

IX and X

Question 34

What lies at the end of the EAC

Answer 34

tympanic membrane

Question 35

the ear drum is known as the

Answer 35

tympanic membrane

Question 36

the TM is the _____ between the middle and outer ear

Answer 36

boundary

Question 37

T/F the outer ear has cosmetic nature

Answer 37

true

Question 38

the outer ear's physiology is that it protects

Answer 38

TM

Question 39

What in the outer ear helps collect foreign objects?

Answer 39

cerumen

Question 40

T/F cerumen will move itself out of the EAC on its own

Answer 40

true

Question 41

T/F if cerumen is pulled in too far it will naturally remove itself

Answer 41

false

Question 42

T/F the pinna and concha act as a resonator (amplifier)

Answer 42

true

Question 43

The tympanic membrane is the boundary of _____

Answer 43

middle ear

Question 44

the TM is a structure made from_____ membranes

Answer 44

3

Question 45

describe the outer layer of the TM

Answer 45

same skin as in the canal

Question 46

describe the middle layer of TM

Answer 46

elastic conductive laye; fibrous -one set start at the center and run towards edge (spokes) -other runs in circles (spiral)

Question 46

describe the inner layer of TM

Answer 46

same mucous cells as those that line the middle ear cavity

Question 47

What are the 2 areas of the TM

Answer 47

-pars flaccis -pars tensa

Question 48

describe the pars flaccida

Answer 48

-most superior fourth of TM -does not contain fibers that make the TM very tight

Question 49

describe the pars tensa-

Answer 49

-inferior 3/4 -very tight/tense

Question 50

know the anatomy of the TM

Answer 50

look at diagram

Question 51

what is the surface area of the TM

Answer 51

85mm2

Question 52

how much of the TM vibrates at any given time

Answer 52

2/3

Question 53

the TM is attached at the ___ at the center

Answer 53

malleus at the manubrium

Question 54

place of attachment of TM and malleus manubrium is called

Answer 54

umbo

Question 55

Describe the localization of the EAC

Answer 55

-help locate sounds from below and above -high frequency amplifications help in speech perception of consonants, esp in background noise -helps to color the spectrum of sounds -theory that an individual gets use to the sound of their own pinna

Question 56

the TM is held in place at the edges by the

Answer 56

tympanic annulus

Question 57

know the pinna diagram

Answer 57

look at picture