Lecture 2

Question 1

What is risk assessment?

Answer 1

an estimation of degree of risk. may be quantified numerically or a qualitative estimate of severity.

Question 2

What is risk management?

Answer 2

the decision making process to control and minimize risks. May minimize probability and/or severity.

Question 3

What is the hierarchy of controls?

Answer 3

Eliminate, Substitute, Engineering, Administrative, PPE

Question 4

What are the steps in risk management?

Answer 4

1. Risk Identification
2. risk analysis
3. risk elimination or reduction
4. financing risk
5. administering the risk management process

Question 5

What are the consequences of accidents?

Answer 5

1. no damage
2. property damage
3. minor injury
4. major injury
5. permanent injury
6. fatality

Question 6

What is the risk cost?

Answer 6

probability x cost =

Question 7

What is residual risk?

Answer 7

the risk that you can’t really get rid of after going through the hierarchy or controls. This is what you get insurance for.

Question 8

What are the health effects associated with chemical risks?

Answer 8

1. asthma
2. sensitizers
3. cancer
   4 reproductive

Question 9

What is a sensitizer?

Answer 9

a chemical that may not cause effect after the first exposure, but after prolonged exposure will cause a reaction.

Question 10

What is the dose-response relationship?

Answer 10

probability of getting a disease increases with the dose

Question 11

What is Paracelsus’ rule?

Answer 11

The dose makes the poison. Anything at a high enough dose can kill you. At the same time, there is a safe level for everything.

Question 12

NOEL

Answer 12

No Observed Effect Level

Lowest dose at which you see no effect

Question 13

NOAEL

Answer 13

No Observed Adverse Effect Level

Lowest dose at which you see no adverse effect

Question 14

LOEL

Answer 14

Lowest Observed Effect Level

Lowest dose at which you see an effect

Question 15

LOAEL

Answer 15

Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level

Lowest dose at which you see an adverse effect

Question 16

What are No Threshold Risk Models used for

Answer 16

Ionizing radiation. Every exposure increases your probability of becoming sick. There is no safe level.

Question 17

What are the facets of Incident Investigation?

Answer 17

1. determine direct causes
2. determine contributing factors
3. helpl prevent similar accidents
4. document facts
5. provide information on costs

Question 18

What are the causal factors that should be looked at during incident investigation?

Answer 18

1. hazardous conditions
2. environment
3. people
4. management

Question 19

What are common mistakes that are made in incident investigations?

Answer 19

1. focusing on a single cause
2. narrow interpretation of environemental factors
3. arriving at a conclusion before all factors are considered
4. delay in investigation
5. poor interviewing technique

Question 20

What are the costs associated with an incident?

Answer 20

1. actual damages
2. lost wages
3. time spent investigating the accident
4. lost production time

Question 21

What are some examples of “direct” costs associated with an incident?

Answer 21

medical, damaged equipment,

Question 22

What are some examples of “indirect” costs associated with an incident?

Answer 22

increased absenteeism, reduced worker morale

Question 23

How do you calculate the OSHA incident rate/total incidence case rate (TCIR)

Answer 23

(Total injuries/illness cases x 200,000) / hours worked by all employees in that time period

Question 24

How do you calculate the DART Rate?

Answer 24

(# days away, restricted work, job transfer cases X 200,000) / hours worked by all employees

Question 25

What is the severity rate for an incident?

Answer 25

(# of lost wordays x 200,000) / total hours worked

Question 26

What does insurance protect against?

Answer 26

1. assets 2. personnel 3. potential liability 4. income loss

Question 27

What are the sections of an insurance contract?

Answer 27

1. declarations (what's being covered) 2. conditions (what has to be met to be covered) 3. exclusions (what is not covered)

Question 28

What is the significance of the EMR?

Answer 28

The EMR is the Experience Modification Rate. It is based on claims history for a company relative to industry norms. EMR = 1.0 - company in line with industry norms EMR < 1.0 - company claims lower than industry EMR > 1.0 - company claims greater than industry

Question 29

What does a warranty cover?

Answer 29

performance regarding implied or explicit claims

Question 30

What does negligence cover?

Answer 30

conduct or behavior of person or corporation

Question 31

What does strict liability cover?

Answer 31

unreasonably dangerous characteristics

Question 32

What is implied warranty?

Answer 32

product must be fit to do what you want it to do (a hammer should be able to drive a nail)

Question 33

What is express warranty?

Answer 33

The product must live up to claims made by manufacturer (the hammer is 10x more powerful than any other hammer)

Question 34

What must a consumer prove to prove negligence?

Answer 34

1. product was defective 2. defect existed at time it left defendent's hands 3. defect caused injury or harm 4. defendednt had duty to provide product free of defect and was negligent in performing duty

Question 35

What must a consumer prove to prove a strict liability case?

Answer 35

1. product was defective 2. defect existed at time it left defendent's hands 3. defect caused injury or harm

Question 36

What are the 4 parts of a legal contract?

Answer 36

1. agreement (what) 2. purpose (why) 3. consideration (promise) 4. competent parties (who) Must have all parts to make a contract binding

Question 37

What are the 8 facets of the BCSP Code of Ethics?

Answer 37

1. HOLD paramount the safety and health of pepole, the protection of environment, and protection of property. 2. BE honest, fair, and impartial; act with responsibiilty and integrity. 3. ISSUE public statements only in an objective and truthful manner and only when founded upon knowledge of the facts and competence3 in the subject matter. 4. UNDERTAKE assignments only when qualified by education or experience. 5. AVOID deceptive acts that falsify or misrepresent academic or professional qualifications. 6. CONDUCT professional relations by the highest standards of integrity and avoid compromise of professional judgement by conflicts of interest. 7. ACT in a manner free of bias with regard to religion, ethnicity, gender, age, national origin, sexual orientation, or disability. 8. SEEK opportunities to be of constructive service in civic affairs and work for the advancement of safety, health and well-being of the community and profession.