Lecture 2- Arterial Physiology Flashcards
(22 cards)
The tendency of a body at rest to stay at rest or a body in motion to stay
in motion.
Inertia
The energy of work or motion; in the vascular system, it is in part
represented by the velocity of blood flow.
Kinetic Energy
Flow of a liquid in which it travels smoothly in parallel layers.
Laminar flow
The law that states the volume of a liquid flowing through a vessel
is directly proportional to the pressure of the liquid and the fourth power of the
radius and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the liquid and the length of
the vessel.
Poiseuille Law
The stored or resting energy; in the vascular system, it is the
intravascular pressure.
Potential Energy
The property of a fluid that resists the force tending to cause fluid to
flow.
Viscosity
The potential for doing work related to the
force of gravity.
Gravitational potential energy
When a fluid flows without a change in velocity from
one point to another, the total energy content remains constant, providing no
frictional losses.
The Bernoulli principle
The flow through two points is directly proportional to the
potential difference across the two points, and inversely proportional to the
resistance between them.
Ohm Law
the measure of a blood vessel’s ability to increase the volume
of blood it holds without a large increase in blood pressure.
Capacitance
The highest pressure is the LV with ___ mmHG and the lowest pressure is the RA with __ to ___ mmHG
120 mmHG
2-6 mmHG
Hydrostatic pressure ________ in the lower portions of the body because of
the weight of the column of blood within the vessels. The farther below the
reference point the _____ the hydrostatic pressure.
Increases
Greater
The bernouille principle states that if pressure is high, velocity is ____ and if pressure is low, velocity is ___
low
high
Pressure is ____ energy and velocity is ____ energy
Potential
Kinetic
Velocity _____ as area is increased
Velcity _____ as blood flow (Q) is increased
Decreases
Increases
The total area occupied by capillaries is approx ____ times greater than that of the aorta
600 x
Increase in viscosity causes a ______ in flow
Increase in length causes a _____ in flow
Decrease
Decrease
Increase in pressure difference causes a ____ in flow
Increase in radius caues a _____ in flow
Increase
Increase
What is the greatest impact on flow?
Radius
A decrease in the radius of a vessel by half will increase the energy losses by a
factor of _____(because it is the radius to the fourth power). A doubling in the
length of a vessel will yield an increase the energy losses by a factor of _____
16
2
What is the equation for Ohm Law
Resistance (R) = Change in pressure (P) / Flow (Q)
A low resistance flow profile characteristically has _______ flow
throughout the cardiac cycle.
Antegrade
