lecture 2- head osteology

Question 1

left common carotid artery is a branch of the

Answer 1

arch of the aorta

Question 2

opening on the base of the skull

Answer 2

foramen spinosum

Question 3

arteries that arise from the maxillary artery

Answer 3

branches to the muscles of mastication, middle meningeal, inferior alveolar, sphenopalatine

Question 4

arteries that branch of the external carotoid artery

Answer 4

facial, occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal

Question 5

associated with the infra temporal fossa

Answer 5

pterygoid venous plexus, medial pterygoid muscle, maxillary artery, inferior alveolar nerve

Question 6

vein that drains the scalp posterior to the auricle and superior to the mastoid process

Answer 6

superficial temporal

Question 7

ligament that connects adjacent laminae is the

Answer 7

ligamenta flava

Question 8

layer of the scalp containing the ramifying arteries, veins, and nerves is the

Answer 8

connective tissue layer

Question 9

two parts of the cranium

Answer 9

neurocranium and viscerocranium

Question 10

neurocranium

Answer 10

bony case of the brain, including cranial menages

Question 11

singular bones in neurocranium

Answer 11

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoidal, ad occipital

Question 12

paired bones in neurocranium

Answer 12

temporal and parietal

Question 13

calvaria

Answer 13

dome-like roof of the neurocranium (skull cap)

Question 14

cranial base

Answer 14

floor of the neurocranium

Question 15

viscerocranium

Answer 15

anterior part of cranium

Question 16

singular bones in viscerocranium

Answer 16

mandible, ethmoid , vomer

Question 17

paired bones in viscerocranium

Answer 17

maxillae, inferior nasal conchae, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, and lacrimal

Question 18

fontanel

Answer 18

unossified area in the infant cranium

Question 19

suture

Answer 19

fibrous joint between cranial bones

Question 20

air sinuses; pnematized bones

Answer 20

contains air spaces that increase with age

Question 21

supraorbital foramen

Answer 21

located in supraorbital margin

Question 22

glabella

Answer 22

smooth slightly depressed area between superciliary arches

Question 23

zygomatic bones

Answer 23

form prominence of cheeks, lie inferolateral to orbits , rest on maxillae,

Question 24

contributes to medial wall of the orbit

Answer 24

lacrimal bone, contains fossa for lacrimal sac

Question 25

lamina papyracea

Answer 25

orbital plate of ethmoid bone, posterior to the lacrimal bone, contributes to medial wall

Question 26

inferior orbital fissure

Answer 26

between maxilla, zygomatic and greater wing of the sphenoid

Question 27

infraorbital groove

Answer 27

depression on the orbital surface of the maxilla

Question 28

alveolar processes

Answer 28

tooth sockets (alveoli)

Question 29

infraorbital foramen

Answer 29

inferior to each orbit, located on the maxillae

Question 30

maxillary tuberosity

Answer 30

posterior on maxilla, behind last tooth. most prominent after growth of wisdom tooth

Question 31

body

Answer 31

horizontal part of mandible

Question 32

ramus

Answer 32

vertical part of mandible

Question 33

angle

Answer 33

union of body and ramus

Question 34

mental protuberance

Answer 34

forms prominence of chin

Question 35

mental foramen

Answer 35

outside of the body on the mandible

Question 36

coronoid process

Answer 36

anterior to condylar proces on mandible

Question 37

mandibular notch

Answer 37

between coronoid and condylar processes

Question 38

condylar process

Answer 38

inserts into mandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form the TMJ

Question 39

alveolar process

Answer 39

house the lower teeth

Question 40

interalveolar septa

Answer 40

bony partitions separating tooth sockets

Question 41

mental spine

Answer 41

site of attachment for muscles

Question 42

mandibular foramen

Answer 42

next to and guarded by the lingual

Question 43

lingula

Answer 43

spinous process protecting the mandibular foramen and the nerve

Question 44

zygomatic process

Answer 44

forms part of zygomatic arch, where the temporal bone meets zygomatic

Question 45

pterion

Answer 45

weak area of bone junctions

Question 46

temporal fossa

Answer 46

muscle filled space

Question 47

coronal suture

Answer 47

separates frontal and parietal bones

Question 48

sagittal suture

Answer 48

separates parietal bones

Question 49

lambdoid suture

Answer 49

separates parietal and temporal bones from occipital bone

Question 50

extends laterally from external occipital protuberance. marks the superior limit of neck posteriorly

Answer 50

superior nuchal line

Question 51

anterior to superior nuchal line and posterior to posterior rim of foramen magnum

Answer 51

inferior nuchal line

Question 52

transition point between brain and spinal cord

Answer 52

foramen magnum

Question 53

protuberances on each side of FM. articulates cranium with vertebral column

Answer 53

occipital condyles

Question 54

depression posterior (and lateral) to FM and containing the condylar canal

Answer 54

condylar fossa and the condylar canal is there as well

Question 55

anterior to the occipital canals

Answer 55

hypoglossal canal

Question 56

eminence on basilar part. attachment for pharyngeal wall

Answer 56

pharyngeal tubercle

Question 57

exist only in the diseased, dry cranium. between occipital, temporal and sphenoid bones

Answer 57

foramen lacerum

Question 58

stylomastoid foramen

Answer 58

in temporal bone, posterolateral to styloid process and anteromedially to mastoid process

Question 59

medial to the styloid process

Answer 59

carotid canal

Question 60

posterior to cartid canal

Answer 60

jugular foramen

Question 61

anterior to external acoustic meatus opening . accommodates mandibular condyles

Answer 61

mandibular fossa

Question 62

anterior to the external acoustic meatus opening

Answer 62

petrotympanic fissure

Question 63

front boundary of mandibular fossa

Answer 63

articular tubercle

Question 64

extend inferiorly from the junction of body and wings, medial to lateral pterygoid plate

Answer 64

medial pterygoid plate

Question 65

small hook shape coming off the medial pterygoid plate that serves as muscle attachment

Answer 65

pterygoid hamulus of sphenoid bone

Question 66

posterolateral to lateral pyerygoid plate. opens into the infra temporal fossa

Answer 66

foramen ovale

Question 67

posterior and slightly lateral to foramen oval

Answer 67

foramen spinosum

Question 68

posterior to foramen spinosum , it guards it

Answer 68

spine

Question 69

contributes to nasal septum, posterior to palatine bone

Answer 69

Vomer

Question 70

posterior to the opening of nasal cavity

Answer 70

choanae

Question 71

anterior to vomer and posterior to maxilla

Answer 71

palatine vomer

Question 72

posterolateral to palatine bone

Answer 72

greater palatine foramen

Question 73

posterior to greater palatine foramen

Answer 73

lesser palatine foramina

Question 74

posterior to incisive teeth

Answer 74

incisive fossa

Question 75

median bony extension in frontal bone

Answer 75

frontal crest

Question 76

at the base of the frontal crest

Answer 76

foramen cecum

Question 77

thick, median ridge posterior to foramen cecum

Answer 77

crista galli

Question 78

sieve like structure on each side of crista galli

Answer 78

cribriform plate

Question 79

guards hypophyseal fossa anteriorly

Answer 79

anterior clinoid process

Question 80

elevation of bone, forming anterior boundary of hypophyseal fossa

Answer 80

tuberculum sellae

Question 81

median depression b/w the tuberculum and dorsum sellae

Answer 81

hypophyseal fossa

Question 82

houses the pituitary gland

Answer 82

hypphyseal fossa

Question 83

elevation of bone, forming posterior boundary of hypophyseal fossa, and ends laterally in the posterior clinoid processes

Answer 83

dorsum sellae

Question 84

guards hypophysial fossa posteriorly

Answer 84

posterior clinoid process

Question 85

between the greater and lesser wings of sphenoid and goes into the orbit

Answer 85

superior orbital fissure

Question 86

posterior to medial end of superior orbital fissure

Answer 86

foramen rotundum

Question 87

characteristics of a developing cranium

Answer 87

unerupted teeth, small face area compared to cranial cavity (1/8 the size of cranial portion; 1/3 in adults) ; no rams of mandible at birth ;

Question 88

in a developing cranium processes that are underdeveloped

Answer 88

mastoid and styloid

Question 89

soft spots syn.

Answer 89

fontanels or soft spots

Question 90

in a developing cranium between frontal and parietal bones

Answer 90

anterior fontanel

Question 91

in a developing cranium between parietal and occipital bones

Answer 91

posteior fontanel

Question 92

in a a developing cranium where temporal parietal and occipital bones converge

Answer 92

mastoid fontanel

Question 93

in a developing cranium where sphenoid, frontal, parietal and temporal bones converge = pterion in adults. one of the last areas of the skull to develop

Answer 93

sphenoid fontanel