Lecture 2 - Intro to Arthropods + Crustacea

Question 1

What is the minimum number of leg pairs for organisms of Crustacea?

Answer 1

5

Question 2

What is the common cavity containing the open circulatory system of arthropods?

Answer 2

Haemocoel

Question 3

What is the name for the respiratory system of terrestrial arthropods?

Answer 3

Tracheal system

Question 4

True or false - arthropods are dioecious.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or false - Intermittent parasites can also be facultative.

Answer 5

False. Intermittent parasites require the host absolutely.

Question 6

What are the 7 categories of chemicals acting on the nervous system of arthropods?

Answer 6

Chlorinated hydrocarbons
Organophosphates
Carbamates
Formamidines
Pyrethroids
Macrocyclic Lactones
Neo-nicotinoids

Question 7

Give an example of an anthropod repellent.

Answer 7

DEET, citronella.

Question 8

Give an example of a chlorinated hydrocarbon.

Answer 8

DDT

Question 9

Give an example of an organophosphate and its use in arthropods.

Answer 9

Diazinon - jetting sheep for blowfly control

Question 10

Give an example of a carbamate and its use in arthropods.

Answer 10

Carbaryl - active ingredient in flea collars

Question 11

Give an example of a formamidine and its use in arthropods.

Answer 11

Amitraz - control of demodectic mange in dogs.

Question 12

How do formamidines work?

Answer 12

Inhibit monoamine oxidase.

Question 13

Give an example of a pyrethroid and its use in arthropods.

Answer 13

Permethrin - flea control in dogs (toxic to cats)

Question 14

What is the route of admin for a pyrethroid?

Answer 14

Topical.

Question 15

Give an example of a ML and its use in arthropods.

Answer 15

Selamectin (an avermectin) in cats and dogs for flea control (Revolution)

Question 16

What is the mechanism of action for MLs?

Answer 16

Act on glutamate-gated Cl- channels.

Question 17

What are the administration options for MLs?

Answer 17

Topical, oral, parenteral

Question 18

Give an example of a neo-nicotinoid and its use in arthropods.

Answer 18

Imidacloprid - flea control in cats and dogs (Advantage)

Question 19

How does imidacloprid work?

Answer 19

Blocks the nicotinic ACh receptor

Question 20

How does fipronil work? What is an example on the market?

Answer 20

Blocks GABA receptors e.g Frontline

Question 21

Give two examples of growth regulators. What are the possible admin routes?

Answer 21

Lufenuron, Fluazuron

Oral or topical

Question 22

What are the three sub-classes of parasitic crustaceans?

Answer 22

Copepoda
Isopoda
Pentastomida

Question 23

What is Lernea spp? What implications does it have for the animal?

Answer 23

The anchor worm of aquarium fish. Does not compromise welfare but can confer production loss for business.

Question 24

What is the latin name for fish lice?

Answer 24

Argulus foliaceus.

Question 25

Why is Cyclops spp. a target for parasite control?

Answer 25

Not parasitic in itself but intermediate host for a number of problematic nematodes.

Question 26

Where might you find Conodophilus imbricatus?

Answer 26

In the oral cavity of a host fish.

Question 27

Name one species from the sub-class Isopoda.

Answer 27

Ourozuektes owenii

Question 28

What system do organisms of sub-class Pentastomida parasitise?

Answer 28

The respiratory system.

Question 29

What is Linguatula serrata? What drug would you use to treat it?

Answer 29

The tongue worm of the dog - use Ivermectin.

Question 30

Is L. serrata zoonotic?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

What is Armillifer armillatus? Is it zoonotic?

Answer 31

Respiratory parasite of reptiles, especially snakes.

Yes - would have to consume intermediate host (mouse)