Lecture 2: Physical Exam

Question 1

What is being tested in AROM

Answer 1

Contractile tissue
Nervous tissue
Inert tissue (lig, bones, etc)

Question 2

What does the Beighton score for hypermobility test

Answer 2

Digiti minimi extension
Thumb hyperflexion
elbow hyper extension
Dorsiflexion
Lumbar spine (bending over to touch your toes)

Question 3

What is the max score for the beighton tests

Answer 3

9/9

Question 4

What are abnormal end feels

Answer 4

Muscle spasm (early or late)
Capsular (hard or soft)
Bone to bone
Empty (pain)
Springy block

Question 5

What causes non capsular patterns

Answer 5

Internal derangement
Extra-articular lesions
Constant length

Question 6

Postural = ______

Answer 6

Tight, hypertonic/facilitated

Question 7

Phasic = ____

Answer 7

weak, inhibited

Question 8

What occurs in upper crossed syndrome

Answer 8

Inhibited:
- Deep cervical flexors, lower trap/serratus anterior
Facilitated:
- SCM/pectoralis, Upper trap/levator scap

Question 9

What occurs in lower crossed syndrome

Answer 9

Inhibited: Abdominals, glut min/med/max
Facilitated: Rectus femoris/illiopsoas, thoracolumbar extensors

Question 10

what are normal end feels

Answer 10

bone to bone
soft tissue approximation
tissue stretch

Question 11

Elbow extension would be what type of end feel

Answer 11

bone to bone

Question 12

Which joints have capsular patterns

Answer 12

Only synovial joints

Question 13

What is the capsular pattern for the GH joint

Answer 13

Ext, Abduction, internal rotation

Question 14

What is an example of internal derangement

Answer 14

Meniscus tear

Question 15

What is an example of extra-articular lesions

Answer 15

osteophyte

Question 16

What is an example of constant legnth

Answer 16

SLR for lumbar disc lesion

Question 17

What type of testing is resisted ROM

Answer 17

Isometric testing

Question 18

What does resisted ROM test?

Answer 18

Contractile tissue (muscle, tendon, attachments, nervous tissue)

Question 19

How long should myotome testing be held for?

Answer 19

5 seconds

Question 20

What is a 5 for MMT grading

Answer 20

Complete range of motion against gravity with maximal resistance

Question 21

What is a 4 in MMT grading

Answer 21

Complete range of motion against gravity with some (moderate) resistance

Question 22

what is a 3+ in the MMT grading

Answer 22

Complete range of motion against gravity with minimal resistance

Question 23

What is a 3 in MMT grading

Answer 23

Complete range of motion against gravity

Question 24

What is a 3- in MMT grading

Answer 24

Some but not complete range of motion against gravity

Question 25

What is a 2+ in MMT grading

Answer 25

Initiates motion against gravity

Question 26

What is a 2 in MMT grading

Answer 26

Complete range of motion with gravity eliminated

Question 27

What is a 2-in MMT grading

Answer 27

Initiates motion if gravity is eliminated

Question 28

What is a 1 in MMT grading

Answer 28

Evidence of slight contractility but no joint motion

Question 29

T/F Special tests can be used alone to diagnose an injury

Answer 29

False

Question 30

T/F If a special test is negative then an injury can be ruled out

Answer 30

False

Question 31

What are 4 considerations for special tests

Answer 31

- Patient's ability to relax - Presence of pain - Patient apprehension - Clinician skill

Question 32

Define reliability

Answer 32

The consistency of a measure/tool over time

Question 33

Define validity

Answer 33

The ability of a test to measure what it says is measured

Question 34

Define sensitivity

Answer 34

The ability of a tool to be positive when the condition/disease/injury is present

Question 35

Define specificity

Answer 35

The ability of a tool to be negative when the condition/disease/injury is not present

Question 36

Define responsiveness

Answer 36

The ability of a tool to detect change over time

Question 37

What are the reflex grades

Answer 37

0- Absent 1- Diminished 2- Average 3- Exaggerated 4- Clonus

Question 38

Osteokinematic-

Answer 38

Movement you can see

Question 39

Arthrokinematic

Answer 39

Movement you can feel

Question 40

What is the convex-concave rule when the convex is fixed and concave is moving?

Answer 40

They (concave) glide and roll in the same direction

Question 41

What is the convex-concave rule when convex is moving and concave is fixed?

Answer 41

Glide and roll are in opposite direction

Question 42

What is the maitland's grades

Answer 42

1-4 5= manipulation ex chiropractors

Question 43

What is the kaltenborn's grades of traction

Answer 43

1-2 (point of limitation) 3 anatomical end ROM