Lecture 2 Theoretical perspectives on aging well - health promotion Flashcards
Gerontology
The study of aging and older adults.
Geriatrics
A subspecialty of internal medicine or family practice that focus on the medical problems of older people.
Health
- The ability of older adults to function at their highest capacity despite the presence of age-related changes and risk factors.
- An individually defined state or process in which the individual (nurse, client, family, group, or community) experiences a sense of well-being, harmony, and unity.
Wellness
- An outcome for older adults whose well-being and quality of life is improved through nursing interventions.
- Integrated, congruent functioning aimed toward reaching one’s highest potential.
Health-related quality of life is measured by a standard set of questions, called _, addressing one’s perception of physical and mental health and functioning.
“Healthy Days Measures”.
Interventions to promote physical and psychosocial well-being include _
- Screening programs.
- Risk-reduction interventions.
- Environmental modifications.
- Health education.
Cost-effectiveness of a screening test is determined according to criteria such as _
- Its ability to detect a condition or risk factor at an early stage and without excessive false-positive or false-negative results.
- Whether early intervention is superior to waiting until signs or symptoms of disease are present.
A risk-reduction intervention that applies to all older adults, regardless of risk factors, is _
Vaccination.
Exposure to sunlight is necessary for synthesis of _
Vitamin D.
Current recommendations state that all adults age 50 years and over consume _ to _ International Units of vitamin D daily.
800 to 1000.
The herpes zoster (shingles) vaccine is recommended for people aged _ and older.
60 years.
Topics of health education that are important for all adults include _
- Engaging in regular exercise.
- Nutrition.
- Dental care.
- Avoidance of smoking and secondhand smoke.
Blood pressure checks should be performed on all older adults _
At least annually.
Serum cholesterol levels should be checked in all older adults _
Every 5 years.
Older adults should have a fecal occult blood and rectal examination _
Annually.
A sigmoidoscopy should be performed _ between the ages of 50 and 75.
Every 5 years.
Older adults should have visual acuity and glaucoma screenings _
Annually.
Women should perform a breast self-exam _, and should have a clinical breast exam _
Monthly; annually.
Women should undergo a Pap smear and pelvic examination _ until three consecutive negative examinations, then _ until the age of 65.
Annually; every 2-3 years.
Women should have a mammogram _ between the ages of 50 and 74 years.
Every 1-2 years.
Men should undergo a digital rectal examination _
Annually.
Unless contraindicated, all older adults should perform _ of moderate-intensity physical exercise every day.
At least 30 minutes.
All older adults should receive dental care and prophylaxis _
Every 6 months.
Vaccines recommended for all older adults
- Shingles - once, at 60 or older.
- Pneumococcal - once, at 65 or older.
- Influenza - annually.
- Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis) - once; Td (booster) - every 10 years; if the pt. is in contact with children, Tdap is recommended over Td booster, because the pertussis immunity wears off.
