Lecture 21 - Male Reproductive

Question 1

How long is the epididymis?

Answer 1

4cm long = length of epididymis

Question 2

Where is the epididymis located?

Answer 2

Epididymis
Location = in scrotum, btwn the seminiferous tubules and the vas deferens

Question 3

Which border of the testes does the epididymis occupy?

Answer 3

The posterior border

Question 4

Describe the structure and their functions of the - Epididymis

Answer 4

Head:
- contains and receives sperm from the seminiferous tubules
- forms a cap around the upper pole of the testes

Body:
- lies on the posterior boarder of the testes and contains the highly coiled duct of epididymis

Tail:
- near the inferior boarder of the testes
- no coiling
- reverses its direction and ascends into the ductus deferens
- stores sperm
- continuous with the vas deferens

Question 5

Where are sperm stored

Answer 5

Tail of epididymis = stores sperm

Question 6

Describe the histology of the Epididymis

Answer 6

Epididymis - Histology
- lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia (microvilli)
- regulates the composition of tubular fluid
- walls contain smooth muscle and peristaltic contractions move sperm thru the duct

Question 7

What are the functions of the epididymis (3)

Answer 7

Epididymis
1) Monitor and adjust fluid composition form seminiferous tubules
2) Recycle damaged sperm
3) Storage and functional maturation of sperm

Question 8

How long are the ductus deferens?

Answer 8

45 cm long = length of ductus deferens

Question 9

Where does the ductus deferens start and end?

Answer 9

Start: epididymis
End: ejaculatory duct

Question 10

What forms the ejaculatory duct

Answer 10

The ductus deferens joins the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct

Question 11

What part of the ductus deferens joins the ejaculatory ductqq

Answer 11

the ampulla of the ductus deferens joins the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct

Question 12

Where does the ejaculatory duct empty into the urethera?

Answer 12

In the prostate the ejaculatory duct empties into the urethra

Question 13

What is the composition of the ductus deferens epithelium?

Answer 13

Vas deferens = pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 14

How many layer of muscle does the vas deferens have

Answer 14

3 - in and out long, mid circle

Question 15

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 15

Vas deferens = conveys sperm during sexual arousal from the epididymis towards the urethra by peristaltic contractions
- can store sperm, but will eventually reabsorb if not used

Question 16

What forms the ejaculatory duct

Answer 16

The union of the seminal vesicle and the ampulla of the ductus deferens fomes the ejaculatory duct

Question 17

Urethra length =

Answer 17

Urethra length = 15-20cm

Question 18

Urethra purpose (male)

Answer 18

Urethra = passageway for semen and urine

Question 19

Describe the pathway of the urethra (male)

Answer 19

Thru: prostate -> deep muscles of the peritoneum -> penis

Question 20

What are the 3 subdivisions of the urethra? (male)

Answer 20

• prostatic urethra
• membranous urethra
• spongy urethra

Question 21

Where does the urethra end (male)

Answer 21

The urethra ends at the external urethral orfice

Question 22

Seminal vesicles - Location

Answer 22

Seminal vesicles = located on posterior surface of the bladder in front of the rectum

Question 23

Of the male accessory glands, which is the ‘ large coiled tubular glands’?

Answer 23

The seminal vesicles are large coiled tubular glands

Question 24

What is the epithelium of the seminal vesicles - what does it depend on?

Answer 24

The seminal vesicles are:
pseudostratified or cuboidal
- depends on the levels of testosterone

Question 25

What so the seminal vesicles secrete?

Answer 25

Seminal vesicles secrete: - alkaline viscous fluid = seminal fluid - contains fructose, ascorbic acid, coagulating enzymes, clotting proteins, and prostaglandin

Question 26

What % of semen comes from the seminal vesicles?

Answer 26

60% - seminal vesicles

Question 27

How many prostate glands?

Answer 27

1

Question 28

What % of semen is produced by the prostate gland?

Answer 28

Prostate gland produces 30% of semen

Question 29

What does the prostate gland secrete?

Answer 29

The prostate gland secretes "prostatic fluid" - alkaline secretion 7.28 pH - milky - seminal plasma = antibiotic - citrate = makes sperm active

Question 30

What is the prostate composed of?

Answer 30

The prostate is composed of 30-50 tubular glands embedded in smooth muscle

Question 31

What is the epithelium of the prostate gland composed of?

Answer 31

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 32

What do the bulbourethral glands secrete

Answer 32

Bulbourethral glands secrete: - thick, clear, alkaline mucous that drains into the penile urethra - secretion is released before ejaculation to neutralize traces of acidic urine in the urethra and to lubricate the urethra and penis

Question 33

What is the epithelium of the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 33

simple columnar epithelium = bulbourethral glands

Question 34

What are the functions of the accessory glands (3)?

Answer 34

1) Seminal glands secrete an alkaline, viscous fluid that helps neutralize female genetailia tract after ejaculation 2) The prostate secretes a milky, slightly acidic fluid that contains enzymes that break down clotting proteins from the seminal glands 3) Bulbourethral glands secrete alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment of the urethra and mucous that lubricates the lining of the urethra and the penis for sex

Question 35

What is the composition of semen?

Answer 35

2-5 ml -- 20-100 million sperm - 60% seminal vesicles - 30% prostate - 5% sustentacular cells - < 5% bulbourethral cells

Question 36

Why does semen coagulate within 5 minutes of ejaculation?

Answer 36

- coagulates within 5 minutes due to the presence of clotting proteins from seminal vesicles

Question 37

What functions to liquidify semen

Answer 37

fibrinolysin functions to liquidfy semes

Question 38

What are the 3 parts of the p

Answer 38

-Root - Body - Glans

Question 39

Describe the different portions of the penis

Answer 39

Root: - fixed portion that attaches the penis to the ischium Body: - tubular moveable portion - consists of errectile tissue Glan: - extended distal end - surrounds the urethral meatus

Question 40

Describe the Corpus Cavernosa

Answer 40

Corpus cavernosa: - 2 erectile cylinders on the dorsal surface of the penis - majority of the penis - the crura of the penis is the proximal portions of the corpora cavernosa and its attached to the bony pelvis via the ischiocaveronsus muscle

Question 41

What forms the majority of the penile mass?

Answer 41

The corpus cavernosa forms the majority of the penile mass

Question 42

Describe the Corpus Spongeosum

Answer 42

- surrounds the urethra - distal end expands to form the glans - proximal end is enlarged and called the bulb of the penis - the bulb is covered by the bulbospongiosum muscle which secures it to the urigenital diaphragm

Question 43

What muscle is associated with the corpus spongiosum, where does it attach

Answer 43

Corpus spongiosum - bulbosponsiosum muscle - attaches to the urigenital diaphragm

Question 44

In the flaccid state are the bv constricted or relaxed>

Answer 44

Flaccid state - bv contricted - smooth muscle tense reducing blood flow

Question 45

What stimulation stims erection

Answer 45

parasympathetic stimulation =

Question 46

What is the blood supply of the penis

Answer 46

Penis - Blood - deep and dorsal arteries of the penis - deep dorsal vein