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Psychomotor Behaviour 1080 > LECTURE 24 - long-term memory (LTM) > Flashcards

LECTURE 24 - long-term memory (LTM) Flashcards

1
Q

what is consolidate info ?

A

refers to the process by which newly acquired information becomes more stable and integrated into existing memory networks (LTM)

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2
Q

what is the term for short term memory becoming long term ?

A

consolidate info

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3
Q

what are the three long term memories ?

A
  1. procedural memory
  2. semantic memory
  3. episodic memory
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4
Q

what is procedural memory ?

A

stress knowledge of “how to do” a skill or activity (implicit-motor)

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5
Q

what is semantic memory ?

A

general knowledge about the world (cognitive)

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6
Q

what is episodic memory ?

A

personally experienced events

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7
Q

which memory type is mediated in the temporal lobe ?

A

episodic memory

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8
Q

describe procedural memory :

A
  • stores knowledge of “how to do” a skill or activity
  • we know “how to do” something, but are not able to verbally describe it well (e.g., shooting a basketball, swimming)
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9
Q

describe semantic memory :

A
  • general knowledge about the world developed from many experiences factual and conceptual
  • e.g., equation for determining force
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10
Q

describe episodic memory :

A
  • knowledge about personally experienced events
  • e.g., where you’re when the raptors won the 2019 NBA championship
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11
Q

which two memory types are explicit ?

A

semantic and episodic

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12
Q

unconscious memory that starts off as cognitive is maintained where ?

A

in cereberum (brainstem)

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13
Q

which memory type is the hardest to forget ?

A

episodic

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14
Q

what is anterograde amnesia ?

A

a type of memory loss that occurs when you can’t form new memories

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15
Q

how did Henry Molaison contribute to the world?

A
  • he provided information about memory impairment and amnesia,
  • his exact brain surgery allowed a good understanding of how particular areas of the brain may be linked to specific processes hypothesized to occur in memory formation
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16
Q

what happened to Henry Molaison ?

A
  • while a child, endured a bike accident
  • appeared normal but 2/3 years later began having seizures
  • by 16 he had multiple seizures everyday
  • he then got his hippocampus removed (bilateral medial lobes)
17
Q

who is Brenda milner ?

A
  • studied patient Henry molaison
  • linked hippocampus and medial temporal lobe to have long term memories
18
Q

what did Brenda Milner learn while studying H.M.’s case ?

A
  • she found that H.M. was unable to form new Explicit memories following his surgery, despite retaining his ability to learn new skills and perform motor tasks.
19
Q

what was Henry Molaison experiencing ?

A

severe epilepsy

20
Q

what did Brenda Milner conclude ?

A

that the hippocampus is a key structure in the consolidation of new declarative memories (motor memories were not impaired)

21
Q

how did H.M. preform motor tasks compared to normal individuals ?

A

at the same neurological level

22
Q

what two parts of brain are responsible for explicit memory ?

A

medial temporal lobe and hippocampus

23
Q

what are the three stages of motor learning (Fitts and Posner 1967) ?

A
  • cognitive stage
  • associative stage
  • autonomous stage
24
Q

what is cognitive stage ?

A

development of basic movement pattern

25
Q

what is associative stage ?

A

refinement of movement pattern

26
Q

what is autonomous stage ?

A

performance of movement virtually automatic

27
Q

the following points are associated with which stage of motor learning ?

  • high degrees of cognitive activity
  • attentional demands high, limited t movement production
  • movement lack synchronization and appears choppy deliberate
  • numbers errors, typically gross in nature
  • lacks capability to determine cause of errors or correct them
A

cognitive stage

28
Q

what lobe is highly involved in the learning of motor tasks ?

A

frontal lobe

29
Q

the following points are associated with which stage of motor learning ?

  • more consistent
  • attentional demands for movement production decrease
  • fewer, less gross errors
  • better at detecting cause of errors
  • begin to develop appraise error correction strategies
A

associative stage (consistency)

30
Q

the following points are associated with which stage of motor learning ?

  • highest level of proficiency
  • not all learners will reach this stage
  • attention reallocated to strategic decision-making
  • consistent and confident
  • making few errors and can generally detect and correct those errors that do occur
A

autonomous stage

Psychomotor Behaviour 1080 (10 decks)

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