lecture 24 - mitosis

Question 1

what is chromatin?

Answer 1

DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes

Question 2

in what form is DNA when the cell is not undergoing mitosis?

Answer 2

chromatin

Question 3

2 main phases of the cell cycle

Answer 3

interphase and mitotic phase

Question 4

what are the three stages of interphase?

Answer 4

g1 phase, s phase, g2 phase

Question 5

which phase does cell growth occur at?

Answer 5

g1 phase

Question 6

which phase does dna replication occur at?

Answer 6

s phase

Question 7

which stage does the cell spend most of its life in?

Answer 7

interphase

Question 8

what structure is made of microtubles?

Answer 8

mitotic spindle

Question 9

what is the mitotic spindle?

Answer 9

separates chromosomes

Question 10

what stage comes after prophase?

Answer 10

prometaphase

Question 10

which phase does chromatin condense into chromosomes?

Answer 10

prophase

Question 11

what happens to the nuclear envelope in prophase?

Answer 11

begins to breakdown

Question 12

where are sister chromatids joined at?

Answer 12

centromere

Question 13

when do spindle fibres attach to kinetochores?

Answer 13

prometaphase

Question 14

what phase comes before metaphase?

Answer 14

prometaphse

Question 15

what phase comes after metaphase?

Answer 15

anaphase

Question 16

what form is DNA found in metaphase

Answer 16

condensed chromosome

Question 17

what is happening to DNA in telophase?

Answer 17

DNA is condensing back into chromatin

Question 18

what phase comes before telophase?

Answer 18

anaphase

Question 19

what happens in anaphase?

Answer 19

sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles

Question 20

what are the main stages of mitosis?

Answer 20

prophase, prometaphse, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 21

what is cytokinesis in animal cells?

Answer 21

division of the cytoplasm via cleavage furrow formed by actin and myosin

Question 22

true or false - cell plate forms from vesicles, eventually becoming the cell wall in cytokinesis of plant cells

Answer 22

true

Question 23

how is the cell plate formed in plant cells?

Answer 23

vesicles join together

Question 24

what is happening to the nuclear envelope in telophase?

Answer 24

reforming

Question 25

what form is DNA in prometaphse?

Answer 25

condensed chromosomes

Question 26

what causes the cell to stretch in anaphase?

Answer 26

microtubules

Question 27

what type of cell division occurs in bacteria?

Answer 27

binary fission

Question 28

true or false - DNA condenses in bacteria

Answer 28

false

Question 29

what type of protein moves DNA to opposite ends of the cell?

Answer 29

actin and tubulin

Question 30

where does the mitotic spindle form in dinoflagellates?

Answer 30

outside the nucleus

Question 31

what happens to the nuclear envelope in dinoflagellates during cell division?

Answer 31

stays intact

Question 32

where does the mitotic spindle form in diatoms?

Answer 32

inside the nucleus

Question 33

what happens to the nuclear envelope in diatoms during cell division?

Answer 33

nuclear envelope remains intact

Question 34

what is the primary focus of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?

Answer 34

separate the cytoplasm into 2 daughter cells

Question 35

what phase of the cell cycle is the shortest?

Answer 35

M phase

Question 36

which structure is responsible for the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis?

Answer 36

mitotic spindle

Question 37

during which phase of mitosis do the kinetochores attach to the microtubules of the spindle?

Answer 37

prometaphse

Question 38

how many chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell?

Answer 38

46

Question 39

true or false - somatic cells are involved in reproduction

Answer 39

false - gametes are involved in reproduction

Question 40

why does the nuclear membrane have to breakdown?

Answer 40

allows spindle fibres to attach to the chromosome and move them around

Question 41

which phase does the nuclear envelope fully breakdown?

Answer 41

prometaphse

Question 42

in which phase does the cell elongate?

Answer 42

anaphase

Question 43

what form does DNA stay in binary fission?

Answer 43

chromatin