Lecture 29: Physical Rehabilitation (Exam 4) Flashcards
(35 cards)
Define rehabilitation therapy
Use of noninvasive techniques excluding vet chiropractic for the rehabilitation of injuries in non human animals
List some types of rehab
- Thermotherapy
- Range of Motion
- Joint mobilization
- Massages
What are the goals of physical rehabilitation
- Restore, maintain, & promote optimal function (improve muscle strength & reduce atrophy)
- Improve the outcome of the px following major sx (increased rate of tissue healing & remodeling of scar tissue)
- Enhance the quality of life (Decrease pain/swelling/ muscle spasms & improve fitness)
T/F: Any px amendable to the handling & stress can do rehab
True
What does an ortho exam do
- Differentiate btw/ musculoskeletal & neuro conditions
- Identify which limb(s) the lameness originates from & localize the size
- Helps narrow down the dx test, formulate a treatment plan, & give the owner a prognosis
What should be done during an ortho exam
- Observe the px standing & moving (trot is best)
- Observe posture
- Palpate while the px is standing & recumbent
What is CREPIM
Crepitus, range of motion, effusion, pain, instability, myofascia
List what should be done during palpation
- CREPIM
- End feel of the joint
- ROM of Vertebrae
- Palpate the caudal vertebrae/muscles
- Proprioceptive placing
- Any painful area is done last
What should be done after the ortho exam
- DDx list made
- Consider imaging
- Tx plan deved
How should the neuro exam start
W/ the least invasive to most invasive
What is done during the neuro exam
- Observe from a distance
- CNS tested
- Postural reactions
- Spinal reflexes
- Palpation (muscle tone/mass)
- Nociception & pain
What are some active functional assessments
- Posture
- Gait/mobility
- Transfers (laying down to standing & vice versa)
- Muscle strength test
What are some passive functional assessments
- Passive range of motion
- End feel
- Goniometry
- Joint play
- Muscle flexibility
- Muscle girth
- Myofascial exam
Describe PROM
- “Passive range of motion”
- Start slowly w/ each joint for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, & internal/external rotation
- Assess for pain, restriction, or laxity of ea. joint
- Compare to contralateral limb
What does end feel mean
Characteristic sensation felt by the examiner @ the end of a joint (like soft, firm, bony/hard, elastic, & empty)
What does empty end feel mean
The end of the motion cannot be reached & it is always abnorm
What is goniometry
- Joint angles are measured using goniometer
- Px is in lateral recumbency or standing
- Start w/ a base line and test to see if PT is helping with ROM
What is flexibility testing
- Eval the ability of the muscle to stretch
- Can be norm, increased, or decreased
- Helps to dev a stretching tx plan
What is muscle girth (circumference) measurement test
Measures to look @ muscle atrophy
What does the strength test determine
If there is weakness contributing to lameness
Describe a myofascial exam
- Determines myofascial trigger points
- Look for a local twitch response (pain response)
- Find by pincher or flat palpation
What are some envi modifications for the px that should be explained to the owner
- Flooring
- Bedding
- Stairs
- Nail/foot care
- Feeding station
When is cryotherapy used
- During the acute inflammatory phase (first 3 days)
- For post op pain or after exercise
How does cryotherapy improve mobility, min hematoma formation, & reduces muscle spasms
By reducing inflammation, edema, & pain
