lecture 3 Flashcards
(39 cards)
What are some common symptoms of concussions?
Transient cognitive impairment (confusion, poor concentration, amnesia, loss of consciousness), headache, nasuea, sensory difficulty, irritability, emotion dysregulation
What are some risk factors for TBI
male, low SES, impulsivity
What is a TBI?
change in brain function that manifests as confusion, b/hr change, altered consciousness, coma, neurophsychological deficts or acute sensory or motor neurological defict that results from blunt or penetrating force to the head.
What are the two types of damage?
Focal and Diffuse-caused by different types of impacts
What is a focal type of damage
caused by movement across a straight line-brain slams into point of contact and rebounds against opposing point of contact.-sig tissue damage without loss of consciousness
What is a diffused TBI?
caused by rotational force producing a swirling motion in brain (destroys axonal tissue-happens when striking broad object like dashboard-widespread damage affecting deeper brain areas than focal)
What are the 3 types of TBI?
mild, moderate, severe
What is secondary damage in TBI
brain swelling at site of trauma restricting blood flow to brain causing cell death which can spread to neighboring cells-a mild TBI can become more severe with time
What is hypoxia
less than necessary oxygen supply for normal cellular function and can lead to brain damage
Who has a greater probability of diffuse injury?
Children due to bigger more flexible heads and weaker neck muscles.
Why is the impact of TBI on young brains complicated?
because young brains are more plastic and can better adapt to brain damage but can cause severe developmental issues
What area of the brain is most susceptible to damage
Frontal lobe (Dorsolateral and Orbitofrontal)
What is the dorsolateral prefrontal cotrex involved in?
Problem solving, EF
are effects of damage to the dorsolateral PFC always immediate
no because of development
What can damage to the Orbiotofrontal Cortex impact?
social/emotional development-inhibiting the ability to read social cues and self regulate causing internal and external b/hrs
What is emotion?
Two integrated processes the appraisal (early warning system and the action preparation, manning the stations
What is emotional regulation
Adaptive changes in emotion to specific situation
Emotional Dysregulation
Maladaptive changes in emotion related to specific situation-salient features in many PSP
Inappropriate emotion expression can be
Risk factor for later issues and due to poor social awareness, disregard for social rules, inability to regulate expression
What is emotional unresponsivieness?
Flat affect (associated with negative outcomes)
Abnormal changes of emotion are common in?
infants and children with ADHD, internalizing symptoms, and bullies
Emotional liability (emotional instability) is common in youth with
comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorder, depression aggression, anxiety
What are some possible contributing factors to Emotional change
Normal development, temperament, parent child relationship, parent PSP, abuse, genetics
What are two i words associated with a wide range of PSP
inattention and impulsivity (substance use, gambling, antisocial behavior and ADHD)
