Lecture 3: Essay Q

Question 1

Describe the difference between innate and adaptive immunity. Give examples of each.

Question 2

Discuss cell mediated immunity versus humoral immunity. Give examples of each.

Question 3

Explain the process of cell mediated immunity (specify the types of cells involved and the role of MHC proteins and CDs in this process).

Question 4

Explain the process of humoral or antibody mediated immunity.

Question 5

What is an immunoglobulin (Ig)? Briefly describe its structure. List and describe the functions of the five major classes of immunoglobulins found in the body.

Question 6

Define active immunity and passive immunity and give examples of each.

Question 7

Differentiate between: a) pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation, b) alveolar gas exchange and systemic gas exchange, c) quiet and forced breathing and d) inhalation and exhalation.

Question 8

Discuss the general relationship between gas pressure and volume including Boyle’s law.

Question 9

Discuss the concept of Dalton’s Law and its relation to partial pressure.

Question 10

Define Henry’s law and explain gas solubility. Which gas out of CO2, O2 and N2, is the most soluble and which one is the least soluble in blood?

Question 11

How does partial pressure help gases move across the respiratory membrane during alveolar gas exchange? How does partial pressure help gases move across the capillary endothelium during systemic gas exchange?

Question 12

Explain how pressure gradients and resistance determine airflow. Include an example of a disease that would obstruct airflow.

Question 13

Define the following terms: tidal volume, anatomical dead space, expiratory reserve volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and residual volume. Compare and contrast the formulas that calculate vital capacity and total lung capacity.