Lecture 3 Exam 1 Material

Question 1

Air movement =

Answer 1

Ventilation

Question 2

Air moves as a result of ______

Answer 2

Pressure difference

Question 3

Pressure changes as a result of ____

Answer 3

Volume change

Question 4

When there is a pressure difference, _____

Answer 4

Air moves

Question 5

When volume changes, ____

Answer 5

Pressure changes

Question 6

Atmospheric pressure is equal to

Answer 6

760mmHg

Question 7

Pressure moves along the gradient from ____ to _____

Answer 7

Higher to lower

Question 8

Changes in lung volume occur because of the changes in ____

Answer 8

Thoracic volume

Question 9

Changes in intrapulmonary pressure occur because of changes in ____

Answer 9

Lung volume

Question 10

Boyle’s Law is

Answer 10

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 11

During expiration, intrapulmonary pressure is _____ than atmospheric pressure

Answer 11

Greater
**Which is why it occurs, because it is attempting to equilibrate

Question 12

During inspiration, atmospheric pressure is ____ than intrapulmonary pressure

Answer 12

Greater
**Which is why it occurs, higher pressure goes into lesser pressure

Question 13

What nerve initiates quiet inspiration?

Answer 13

Phrenic

Question 14

During quiet inspiration, which muscle does the phrenic nerve stimulate?

Answer 14

Diaphragm (primary)

Question 15

When the phrenic nerve fires…. the diaphragm contracts and pulls lungs down, which increases _____ and ______ ________

Answer 15

Volume, decreases pressure
Pressure goes from higher to lower and inspiration occurs

Question 15

What other muscles are used for inspiration?

Answer 15

External intercostals

Question 15

How much of quiet inspiration is the diaphragm responsible for?

Answer 15

50-75%

Question 15

What is the primary muscle of inspiration?

Answer 15

Diaphragm

Question 16

Diaphragm contraction for inspiration affects thoracic volume how?

Answer 16

Increases

Question 17

How does diaphragm contraction affect intrathoracic pressure?

Answer 17

Decreases it

Question 18

What gas law predicts the increased volume that leads to decreased pressure?

Answer 18

Boyle’s

Question 19

Forced inspiration utilizes which muscles?

Answer 19

Accessory
-scalene, anterior serrati, sternocleidomastoid

(If youre breathing with forced inspiration… your breathing is ASSS)

Question 20

During inspiration, when are accessory muscles used?

Answer 20

Exercise or disease

Question 21

What type of breathing requires no active muscle effort?

Answer 21

Quiet expiration

Question 22

How does quiet expiration occur?

Answer 22

Inspiratory muscles relax, elastic recoil compresses lung Volume decreases so pressure is increased

Question 23

What are the muscles that are active in forced expiration?

Answer 23

Internal intercostals Abdominal muscles *Think of tensing your whole core when you're dry heaving... forced expiration is similar

Question 24

Intrapulmonary pressure is interchangeable with

Answer 24

Intra-alveolar pressure

Question 25

Intrapulmonary pressure is pressure within ___________

Answer 25

The alveoli of the lungs **Varies up and down with respiratory cycle

Question 26

Pressure is ____ with expiration

Answer 26

Positive

Question 27

Pressure is ____ with inspiration

Answer 27

Negative

Question 28

Increase in lung volume will _____ intra-pulmonary pressure

Answer 28

Decrease, so the AIR GOES IN

Question 29

Decrease in lung volume will ____ intra-pulmonary pressure

Answer 29

Raise, so the AIR GOES OUT