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Public Health Exam 1 > Lecture 3 - Politics, Science, and Prevention > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Politics, Science, and Prevention Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What is a major expectation of every civilized society??

A

The living conditions will be basically healthy

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2
Q

What are the 4 basic expectations in a civilized society?

A

Water is safe to drink
Food is safe to eat
aspirin is really aspirin
medication is safe

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3
Q

Give some reasons as to why people’s lives in the United States are healthier today

A

clean water, air food
better nutrition
FDA - regulation of products and medication

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4
Q

The term “public health” refers to 2 different but related concepts. What are they??

A

IMPROVING PEOPLE’S HEALTH

MAINTAINING THAT IMPROVEMENT

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5
Q

People most often look to _____ to take primary responsibility for public health

A

all levels of the government (state, local, federal)

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6
Q

PUBLIC HEALTH IS ALWAYS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF _______ AND _______

A

Government and politics

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7
Q

Name 3 roles of the government in public health?

A
  1. Sponsor research/education programs
  2. Law’s regulating people’s behavior
  3. Laws requiring immunization of school children
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8
Q

PUBLIC HEALTH IS A HUGE SOCIAL ASPECT. Charles winslow said the development of ___________ will ensure every individual has a certain standard of living

A

SOCIAL MACHINER

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9
Q

“The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life…”

A

-cancer screening
-Drug research
-Physical health

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10
Q

“The sanitation of the environment…”

A

-clean water
-trash removal
-pollution

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11
Q

“The control of community infections…”

A

-CDC
-Vaccines
-Safe foods

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12
Q

“education in principles of personal hygiene….”

A

-School
-Campaigns

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13
Q

“organization of medical services for early diagnosis and prevention…”

A

-cancer screening
-women’s health initiatives

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14
Q

“development of social machinery…..”

A

-medicare
-social outreach programs
-HHS

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15
Q

Is winslow’s definition of public health considered valid today?

A

YES

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16
Q

What are the several key successes of public health

A

-Life expectancy up
-Infant mortality down
-Cigarette smoking down dramatically

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17
Q

What are several key challenges of public health

A

increased gov spending
elderly have increased expenses due to disease
mental health, teen pregnancy

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18
Q

Medicine focuses on……

A

HEALING PATIENTS WHO ARE ILL

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19
Q

Public health focuses on……

A

preventing illness by sterilizing or blocking risk factors

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20
Q

Contrast achievements of medicine vs public health

A

medicine - curing a sick patient is easily recognizable

public health cannot point to individuals who have been spared illness because of its efforts

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21
Q

Public health programs save ____ on ______

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A

SAVE MONEY ON MEDICAL COSTS

22
Q

PUBLIC HEALTH, LIKE MEDICAL PRACTICE, IS BASED ON______

23
Q

Public health is much more influenced by ____ than_____

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A

politics than medicine

24
Q

Even if public health officials know everything about a certain issue, what must happen before the problem is addressed???

Study These Flashcards
A

A political decision

25
Public health officials are often impatient with ____
Politics
26
Public health draws knowledge from 6 general areas.....
1. Epidemiology (statistics) 2. Biomedical sciences 3. Environmental science 4. Social science 5. Behavioral science 6. Toxicology
27
What is epidemiology?
key science for identifying risk factors, determine if our policies are effective. focuses on human populations starting with an outbreak of disease in a community
28
Of the 3 strategies, which 2 are concerned with epidemiology?
assessment, assurance
29
Epidemiology is not only important for understanding the cause of disease, but for......
local issues- finding the source of a food poisoning outbreak
30
What is the LANGUAGE of epidemiology?
STATISTICS - data collection and analysis
31
What do governments collect data on?
births, deaths causes of death cancer cases occupational injuries outbreaks of certain disease
32
What are the biomedical sciences?
prevention and control of diseases especially those caused by microorganisms. understand them better to figure out how to control the spread. Development of drugs, procedures
33
What is toxicology?
utilized by BOTH public health and medicine to identify substances associated with health issues
34
Environmental health sciences......
prevent spread of disease through air, water, food
35
What are some challenges associated with environmental health sciences?
new chemicals every year UV rays depletion of ozone
36
Social and behavioral sciences......
people dying because of their own behavior -why do they do this?
37
With such an extensive outbreak in medical treatments, what has happened to public health??
Medical care is so expensive that it's eating up all the funds for public health programs
38
What does HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH study?
The effectiveness of the medical care system
39
Public health's approach to health problems is a FIVE STEP PROCESS
1. DEFINE HEALTH PROBLEM 2. IDENTIFY RISK FACTORS 3. DEVELOP AND TEST COMMUNITY LEVEL INTERVENTIONS TO CONTROL/PREVENT THE CAUSE 4. IMPLEMENT INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE HEALTH OF POPULATION 5. MONITOR INTERVENTIONS TO ASSESS EFFECTIVENESS
40
Medical care has shifted to _______focus. Examples?
preventative Vaccines Annual checkups colonoscopy pap smears
41
List the 3 levels of prevention
primary secondary tertiary
42
Primary prevention:
seeks to avoid the occurrence of an illness or injury by preventing exposure to risk factors
43
Secondary prevention:
seeks to minimize the SEVERITY once the event has occurred
44
Tertiary prevention:
sees to minimize DISABILITY by providing medical care and rehab
45
List the primary secondary and tertiary preventions in response to smoking
primary - discourage smoking and encourage people to quir secondary - detect cancer early while still treatable tertiary - rehab of cancer patients
46
Chain of causation involves.....
1.Agent 2.Host 3.Environment
47
Agent---
disease causing bacteria/virus
48
Host---
A susceptible human being
49
Environment---
means of transmission by which the agent reaches the host
50
The goal is to ____the chain of causation
BREAK
51
Ways to break the chain: Agent- Host- Environment-
Agent-vaccine Host-Antibiotic Environment-sanitation
52
Suicide: Agent- Host- Environment-
Agent-gun Host-person Environment-the person's social environment

Public Health Exam 1 (7 decks)

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