lecture 4

Question 1

which structure controls the pituitary gland

Answer 1

hypothalamus

Question 2

FSH in ovaries

Answer 2

maturation of ovarian follicles

Question 3

FSH in testes

Answer 3

growth of sperm cells

Question 4

LH in ovaries

Answer 4

ovulation; development of corpus luteum

Question 5

LH in testes

Answer 5

production of testosterone

Question 6

how does the testosterone regulation system works

Answer 6

negative feedback loop; testosterone is released when levels are low

Question 7

HPG axis

Answer 7

hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

Question 8

which hormones contribute to negative feedback in HPG

Answer 8

testosterone and inhibin

Question 9

24h fluctuation of testosterone

Question 10

yearly fluctuations in testosterone

Question 11

weekly fluctuations in testosterone

Question 12

menarche

Answer 12

first menstruation

Question 13

types of amenorrhea

Answer 13

primary & secondary

Question 14

primary amenorrhea

Answer 14

absence of menstruation before menarche

Question 15

secondary amenorrhea

Answer 15

abnormal cessation of menstruation

Question 16

hormones in follicular phase

Question 17

ovary activity in follicular phase

Question 18

uterus in in follicular phase

Question 19

hormones in ovulatory phase

Question 20

ovary activity in ovulatory phase

Question 21

uterus in ovulatory phase

Question 22

hormones in luteal phase

Question 23

ovary activity in luteal phase

Question 24

uterus in luteal phase

Question 25

hormones in menstrual phase

Question 26

ovary activity in menstrual phase

Question 27

uterus in menstrual phase

Question 28

combination pill

Answer 28

contains estrogen and progesterone; stops ovulation by maintaining consistent levels of hormones and throwing off negative feedback loop

Question 29

primary dysmenorrhea

Answer 29

cramps due to menstruation, but not associated with any problem

Question 30

secondary dysmenorrhea

Answer 30

associated with organic problems

Question 31

what causes uterine contractions

Answer 31

prostaglandins, made in endometrium tissue and involved in inflammatory process

Question 32

mastalgia

Answer 32

fluid retention in breast

Question 33

how orgasms can help w menstrual pain

Answer 33

increase endorphins and blood flow in uterus

Question 34

which is the sex chromosome

Answer 34

the 23rd pair

Question 35

mullerian inhibiting hormone

Answer 35

shrinks mullerian ducts in males

Question 36

diference between puberty and adolescence

Answer 36

puberty is regarding sexual maturation and reproductive capacity; adolescence is psychological transition

Question 37

function of KISS1 gene (kisspeptin)

Answer 37

stimulates hypothalamus to initiate puberty sequence