lecture 4 Flashcards
types of synapses
chemical synapse
electricial synapse
chemical synapse
a junction where neurons communicate using neurotransmitters. unidirectional
electrical synapse
a junction where neurons communicate directly using ions. Bidirectional
gap junction channel
a direct connection between two adjacent cells that allows ions and small molecules to pass freely.
re-uptake pump
a membrane protein that transports neurotransmitters back into the presynaptic neuron after they have been released into the synaptic cleft
secretory granules
membrane-bound vesicles found in cells that store and release molecules such as neurotransmitters, hormones, or enzymes
membrane differentiations
specialized regions of the pre- and postsynaptic membranes at a synapse that facilitate neurotransmission.
endocytosis
how a cell “eats” or “drinks” things from outside. The cell wraps around the thing it wants to take in and pulls it inside in a tiny bubble called a vesicle.
exocytosis
how a cell pushes things out instead of taking them in.
docking
the process of predicting how two molecules, typically a small molecule and a larger molecule interact with each other
axodendritic
axon to dendrite
axosomatic
axon to cell body
axoaxonic
axon to axon
axospinous
axon to dendritic spine
dendrodendritic
dendrite to dendrite
shunting inhibition
regulates the electrical properties of neurons
neuromuscular junction
the synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fibe
synaptome
the complete set of synapses in the brain
