lecture 4

Question 1

what is the monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 1

monosaccharides

Question 2

monosaccharides is also knows as

Answer 2

simple sugar

Question 3

what are the polymers of carbohydrates

Answer 3

disaccharides, polysaccharides, oligosaccharides

Question 4

all carbohydrates contain…

Answer 4

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 5

each monosaccharides contain

Answer 5

carboyl group, hydroxyl group, and many C-H bonds

Question 6

monosaccharides depends on

Answer 6

number of carbons, identity of carbonyl, orientation of hydroxyl group

Question 7

when naming a monosaccharide, a carbonyl group at END of carbon chain is

Answer 7

Aldose

Question 8

when naming a monosaccharide, a carbonyl group in middle of carbon chain is

Answer 8

Ketose

Question 9

in aqueous solution, monosaccharides form what?

Answer 9

rings

Question 10

describe how monosaccharides form rings in aqueous solution

Answer 10

the oxygen in carbinyl group is locked in one of two position which result in two rings form; alpha and beta

Question 11

how are monosaccharides polymerized

Answer 11

by dehydration reactions between hydroxyl grpups

Question 12

a chemical bond in the form of a covalent connection that connects a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group

Answer 12

glycosidic linkage

Question 13

2 sugars linked tigether

Answer 13

disaccharide

Question 14

give examples of disaccharides

Answer 14

maltose, lactose, sucrose

Question 15

typically contain 3-10 monosaccharide residues

Answer 15

oligosaccharides

Question 16

what is the function of oligosaccharide

Answer 16

indicate cell identity

Question 17

a protein with carbohydrate attached

Answer 17

glycoprotein

Question 18

a lipid with carbohydrate attached

Answer 18

glycolipid

Question 19

consists of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharide residues

Answer 19

polysaccharide

Question 20

what are the function. of polysaccharide

Answer 20

energy storage and structural support

Question 21

plants store sugar as _____

Answer 21

starch

Question 22

animals store sugar as ____

Answer 22

glycogen

Question 23

why do monosaccharides can store high amount of energy

Answer 23

due to high energy C-H bonds and C-C bonds

Question 24

examples of structural polysaccharides

Answer 24

Chitin, Cellulose, Peptidoglycan

Question 25

structural polysaccharide in the cell wall of plant cells

Answer 25

cellulose

Question 26

structural polysaccharide in the cell wall of fungi

Answer 26

chitin

Question 27

structural polysaccharide in the cell wall of bacteria

Answer 27

peptidoglycan

Question 28

do lipids form polymers

Answer 28

No

Question 29

are lipids partially hydrophilic or hydrophobic

Answer 29

hydrophobic

Question 30

composed primarily of Carbon, Oxygen, and hydrogen but LESS oxygen

Answer 30

lipids

Question 31

made of long hydrocarbon chains with a carboyl group at one end

Answer 31

fatty acids

Question 32

what are the two types of fatty acids

Answer 32

saturated and unsaturated

Question 33

a fatty acid with no double Carbon=carbon bond

Answer 33

saturated

Question 34

a fatty acid with one or more double carbon=carbon bond

Answer 34

unsaturated

Question 35

have a bet in the chain where the double bod is located

Answer 35

unsaturated fatty acids

Question 36

made of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol molecule

Answer 36

triglyceride

Question 37

how are fatty acids and glycerol covalently linked

Answer 37

by ester linkages

Question 38

what are the functions of fats

Answer 38

insulation, protection of organs, energy storage

Question 39

trigylceride with saturated fatty acid components

Answer 39

saturated fat

Question 40

in room temperature, are saturated fats solid or liquid. why

Answer 40

solid. because straight chains are packed together closely

Question 41

example of saturated fats

Answer 41

animal fats

Question 42

are unsaturated fats liquid or solid ion room temperature

Answer 42

liquid

Question 43

example of unsaturated fats

Answer 43

plant fats and fish fats

Question 44

mad of two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol

Answer 44

phospholipid

Question 45

is phospholipid hydrophobic, hydrophilic or amphipathic

Answer 45

amphipathic

Question 46

hwo do phospholipids assemble in water

Answer 46

they self-assemble into a bilayer

Question 47

lipids with carbon skeletons that are bent to form 4 fused rings

Answer 47

steroid

Question 48

a steroid in animal cell membranes

Answer 48

cholesterol