Lecture 4

Question 1

What are the PA guidelines for 0-5 yrs capable of walking

Answer 1

3 hours of total PA daily

Question 2

What are the PA guidelines for 5-18 yrs

Answer 2

1hr MVPA daily

Question 3

What method do most public health studies use to collect data?

Answer 3

Self report

Question 4

What is the trend for PA through early and late adolescence?

Answer 4

Decline

Question 5

What is the trend over the last 30 years for the magnitude of PA decline through EARLY adolescence?

Answer 5

Increased

Question 6

What is the trend over the last 30 years for the magnitude of PA decline through LATE adolescence?

Answer 6

Decreased

Question 7

Why is it difficult to observe secular changes in PA?

Answer 7

Differences in measurement techniques over time

Question 8

Give four intuitive reasons for the decline in PA?

Answer 8

Increased screen availability
Concern over outdoor safety
Labour saving technology
Familial PA habits
Cultural expectations

Question 9

Name two areas/domains where PA has shown to have decreased

Answer 9

Active commuting and transport

Sport participation

Question 10

How does SB vary between boys and girls

Answer 10

Girls spend more time sedentary in total

Boys do more long-duration SB

Question 11

How did SB vary between Old order Amish and New order Amish?

Answer 11

No difference - both still sit down for long periods at school

Question 12

Give the 7 functions of the International PA Report Card

Answer 12

Public awareness builder
Accountability index
A surveillance synthesis mechanism
A policy driver
A challenge for other countries to adopt similar practice
An advocacy tool for PA leaders and organisers

Question 13

Where does most info on travel trends come from?

Answer 13

NTS National Travel Survey

Question 14

What are the most common reasons for children to make journeys (in any mode)?

Answer 14

Education (their own)
Other escort
Education escort

Question 15

Which population group cycles the most?

Answer 15

11-15 yr old boys

Question 16

How has school transportation mode changed since 1895? (And since 1996)

Answer 16

Car use increased from 22 to 38% between 86 and 96
Has remained relatively stable since
Cycling and walking biggest declines

Question 17

Give three reasons for increased car use since the 80’s

Answer 17

• Economic prosperity has made cars more available
• Schools are now larger and more centralised into bigger units
• Traffic danger (less independent journeys)

Question 18

Name 6 measures to increase walking and cycling to school

Answer 18

Physical measures (traffic calming, cycle lanes and parking, crossings)
Organising school transport (walking bus)
Campaigns
Funding measures
Campaigns (Safe and Sound)
Education and Info