Lecture 4 - Pelvic Nerves and Vessels

Question 1

What section of the spine to the roots of the main pelvic nerves come from?

Answer 1

L4-S5.

Question 2

What is the main nerve of the pelvis?

Answer 2

Sciatic.

Question 3

What is the main artery of the pelvis?

Answer 3

Pudendal.

Question 4

What is the root of the sciatic nerve and where is it?

Answer 4

L4,5, S1-3 - In the posterior compartment of the thigh.

Question 5

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

Answer 5

Its branches supply all muscles of the leg and foot.

Question 6

What is the root of the superior gluteal nerve?

Answer 6

L4,5, and S1.

Question 7

What does the gluteal nerve branch into?

Answer 7

Gluteal to gluteus minimus and medius.

Question 8

What is the root of the inferior gluteal nerve?

Answer 8

L5, S1 and S2.

Question 9

What is the root of the nerve supplying the obturator internus?

Answer 9

Direct L5-S1.

Question 10

What is the root of the nerve supplying the piriformis?

Answer 10

Direct from S1-2.

Question 11

What nerves supply the levator ani?

Answer 11

Direct and pudendal.

Question 12

What nerve supplies the coccygeus?

Answer 12

Direct S4-5.

Question 13

What is the root of the pudendal nerve?

Answer 13

S2-4.

Question 14

What does the pudendal nerve innervate?

Answer 14

Levator ani, external anal and external urethral sohincters, bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus.

Question 15

What type of fibres make up the pudendal nerve?

Answer 15

Motor and sensory.

Question 16

What does the sympathetic division of the ANS control in the pelvis?

Answer 16

Rectum – decrease movement, contract internal anal and urethral sphincters, relax bladder detrusor, ejaculation – Contract ductus deferens and seminal vesicles, uterus – Relax/contract (hormonal) and vasoconstriction of arteries.

Question 17

Where does parasympathetic control of the pelvis come from?

Answer 17

Pelvic spalchnic nerves, S2-4.

Question 18

What does the parasympathetic division of the ANS control in the pelvis?

Answer 18

Increase motility rectum and anal canal, relax internal anal sphincter, bladder = Contracts detrusor and inhibits contraction of internal sphinchter, and vasodilation of arteries – Erection

Question 19

What nerves supply the penis, what fibres are they made up of, and what are their origins?

Answer 19

Dorsal nerve of penis (pudendal nerve) - somatic sensory and sympathetic, and cavernous nerves (prostatic nerve plexus) - parasympathetic.

Question 20

What type of fibres make up the pudendal nerve?

Answer 20

Somatic sensory and sympathetic.

Question 21

In males, what nerve supplies the perineal muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 21

Perineal branch (Pudendal nerve) - Somatic motor.

Question 22

What nerves supply the scrotum, what fibres are they made from and what are their origins?

Answer 22

Anterior (Ilioinguinal and genitofemoral) - somatic sensory, and posterior scrotal (Perineal branch of pudendal) - Somatic sensory.

Question 23

In females, what nerve supplies the anterior perineum, what fibres is it made of, and what is its origin?

Answer 23

Anterior labial (Somatic sensory)– ilioinguinal and genitofemoral origin.

Question 24

In females, what nerve supplies the posterior perineum, what fibres is it made of and what is its origin?

Answer 24

Perineal branch (Pudendal, posterior cutaneous of the thigh) - Somatic sernsory.

Question 25

What nerve supplies the labia, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 25

Posterior labial (Pudendal) - Somatic sensory.

Question 26

What nerve supplies the orifice of the vagina, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 26

Deep branch (Pudendal) - Somatic sensory.

Question 27

In females, what nerve supplies the perineal (superficial) muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 27

Muscular branches (Pudendal) - Somatic motor.

Question 28

What nerve supplies the clitoris and deep perineal muscles, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 28

Dorsal nerve of clitoris (Pudendal) - Somatic motor and sensory.

Question 29

What nerve supplies the bulb of vestibule and clitoris, what fibres is it made from and what is its origin?

Answer 29

Cavernous nerves (Utero-vaginal plexus) - Parasympathetic.

Question 30

Where do the sensory fibres of the Ilioinguinal, genitofermoral and pudendal go?

Answer 30

To the anterior skin.

Question 31

Where else does the sensory fibres of the pudendal go?

Answer 31

Genitalia.

Question 32

What happens to the aorta at L4?

Answer 32

It divides into the 2 common iliac arteries.

Question 33

What does each common iliac artery divide into?

Answer 33

Internal and external iliac branches.

Question 34

What is the main blood supply of the pelvis?

Answer 34

Internal iliac arteries.

Question 35

What does each internal iliac artery divide into?

Answer 35

An anterior and posterior division.

Question 36

What are the branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac arteries?

Answer 36

Umbilical (gives rise to superior vesical), obturator, inferior gluteal, internal pudendal, middle rectal, inferior vesical

Question 37

In males, what does the inferior vesical and middle rectal supply?

Answer 37

Prostate, seminal vesicles and ducuts deferens.

Question 38

What do the testicular arteries branch from?

Answer 38

Abdominal aorta at L2.

Question 39

Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?

Answer 39

Abdominal aorta at L2.

Question 40

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac?

Answer 40

Iliolumbar, lateral sacral and superior gluteal.

Question 41

What does the obturator artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 41

Pelvic muscles, head of femur, ilium - Internal iliac.

Question 42

What does the superior vesical artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 42

Superior aspect bladder, ductus deferens - Umbilical.

Question 43

What does the ductus deferens artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 43

Ductus deferens - Superior/inferior vesical.

Question 44

What does the inferior vesical artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 44

Urinary bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, prostate - Internal Iliac.

Question 45

What does the middle rectal artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 45

Rectum, seminal vesicle, prostate - Internal Iliac.

Question 46

What does the internal pudendal artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 46

Perineum and anal canal - Internal Iliac.

Question 47

What does the inferior gluteal artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 47

Levator ani, coccygeus, piriformis and gluteal - Internal Iliac.

Question 48

What does the uterine artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 48

Ureter, uterus, vagina - Internal Iliac.

Question 49

What does the vaginal artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 49

Vagina, bladder - Uterine.

Question 50

What does the iliolumbar artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 50

Cauda equina, iliacus, psoas, quadratus lumborum - Internal Iliac (Posterior).

Question 51

What does the lateral sacral artery supply and what is its origin?

Answer 51

Vertebral canal, piriformis - Internal Iliac (Posterior).

Question 52

What type of fibres make up the prostatic nerve plexus?

Answer 52

Parasympathetic.