Lecture 4 - Rational Systems of organising and the problem of work

Question 1

Name Peter L Berger’s major piece of work

Answer 1

The human shape of work (1964)

Question 2

What was a problem that arised through the structural transformation of work? (DoL)

Answer 2

• Intensification of the division of labour
• ‘The indutrial revolution has brought about an
  ever-increasing fragmentation of specific work processes, removing the worker further and further away from the product of his work (Berger, 1964)

Question 3

What was a problem that arised through the structural transformation of work? (Complexity)

Answer 3

• Reduced complexity of work
• “Work need not be hard or painful, but its meaning becomes more apparent when the worker is disconnected from the final product.” (Berger, 1964)

Question 4

What was a problem that arised through the structural transformation of work? (Obsolescence)

Answer 4

• Obsolescence of professions through technical advancement.
• “We are today very familiar with the crises brought on by occupational obsolescence due to automation” (Berger, 1964)

Question 5

What was a problem that arised through the structural transformation of work? (Devaluation)

Answer 5

• Ontological devaluation of work, its lost its deeper purpose
• “Work, though no longer seen as a divine calling, still promises fulfillment or personal meaning.” (Berger, 1964)

Question 6

What is the paradox of ‘the problem of work’?

Answer 6

• Berger argues that work no longer provides deep meaning or fulfillment, so people look elsewhere for self-worth.
• This reduces their work to just a role they play
• However, society pressures people to find meaning in their work, even though modern systems rarely allow it.
• Society fails to help people cope with meaningless work and instead creates unrealistic expectations that all work should provide fulfillment.

Question 7

What is a consequence of ‘the problem of work’

Answer 7

• Berger suggests that some work provides purpose, while other work feels like a direct attack on personal identity or dignity.
• But, most work is neutral—neither fulfilling nor oppressive—and people tolerate it for the sake of their personal lives.
• “Neutral work is tolerated for its ability to support what truly matters: one’s private life.” (Berger)