lecture 5

Question 1

is a swelling on the undersurface of the pulvinar, forms part of the visual pathway with the superior colliculus.

Answer 1

lateral geniculate body

Question 2

it receives the sensory information from the head.

Answer 2

ventral posteromedial nucleus

Question 3

forms the superior part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle and is connected to the opposite thalamus by a band of gray matter,

Answer 3

medial surface

Question 4

are a small group of neurons that is believed to be a center for integration of olfactory afferent pathway. The medial and lateral habenular nuclei are the slight swelling in the habenular trigone

Answer 4

habenular nuclei

Question 5

it regulates heart rate and blood pressure, movements of the digestive tube, the secretion of sweat glands and salivary glands

Answer 5

Control of the autonomic nervous system

Question 6

epithalamus It is comprised by.

Answer 6

The habenular nucleus.
The habenular trigone and commissure.
The pineal gland or epiphysis.

Question 7

The most dorsal part of the diencephalon, forms part of the roof of the third ventricle.

Answer 7

epithalamus

Question 8

it receives the sensory information from neck, trunk and limbs.

Answer 8

ventral posterolateral nucleus

Question 9

are two small hemispherical bodies situated side by side posterior to the tuber cinereum.

Answer 9

mamillary bodies:

Question 10

is a small conical structure that is attached by the pineal stalk to the diencephalons, into which the third ventricle extends as the pineal recess

Answer 10

pineal gland or Epiphysis

Question 11

is involved in pleasure, rage, sex drive and fear.

Answer 11

Center of emotional response

Question 12

produce the oxytocin hormone that produces the contraction of the smooth muscle fibers

Answer 12

paraventricular nucleus:

Question 13

form the central core of the fore brain and is surrounded by the cerebral hemispheres. It consists largely of four paired structures

Answer 13

The Thalamus.
The Hypothalamus.
The Epithalamus.
The Subthalamus.

Question 14

is a swelling on the posterior surface of the thalamus beneath the pulvinar, forms part of the auditory pathway with the inferior colliculus.

Answer 14

medial geniculate body:

Question 15

in the anterior hypothalamus respond to an increase in temperature of the blood, producing cutaneous vasodilation and sweating

Answer 15

thermosensitive neurons

Question 16

is separated from the lentiformed nucleus by the internal capsule (white matter).

Answer 16

lateral surface of the thalamus

Question 17

stria medullaris thalami cross the midline and reach the habenular nucleus of the opposite side forming the ____

Answer 17

habenular commissure

Question 18

produce vasopressin hormone (ADH or antidiuretic hormone).

Answer 18

supraoptic nucleus

Question 19

is a flattened bundle of nerve fibers situated at the junction of the anterior wall and floor of the third ventricle due to the decussation of the medial fibers of the optic nerve

Answer 19

The optic chiasma:

Question 20

nuclei of the thalamus (4)

Answer 20

ventral posterolateral nucleus
ventral posteromedial nucleus
medial geniculate body
lateral geniculate body:

Question 21

the body’s thermostat is in the hypothalamus.

Answer 21

Regulation of body temperature

Question 22

is continuous with the tegmentum of the midbrain.

Answer 22

inferior surface

Question 23

it forms the inferolateral wall of the third ventricle. It extends from the optic chiasm to the posterior border of the mamillary bodies.

Answer 23

Hypothalamus

Question 24

the hypopthalamus controls the secretion of hormones by the pituitary or hypophysis glands, which in turn regulates many functions of the visceral organs.

Answer 24

Control of the endocrine system

Question 25

acts as relay stations for the sensory information ascending to the primary sensory areas of the cortex.

Answer 25

Thalamus

Question 26

is narrow and rounded, lies near to the midline and forms the posterior boundary of the interventricular foramen.

Answer 26

anterior end or anterior tubercle of the thalamus

Question 27

is slightly convex and covered by the layer of white matter termed the stratum zonale

Answer 27

superior surface

Question 28

is hollow and becomes continuous with the posterior lobe of the hypophysis glands.

Answer 28

The infundibulum:

Question 29

The hypothalamus is formed by

Answer 29

The optic chiasma. The tuber cinereum and the infundibulum. The mammillary bodies.

Question 30

by sensing the concentrations of nutrients and salts in the blood.

Answer 30

Hunger and thirst centers

Question 31

is the main visceral control center, it controls and integrates the functions of the autonomic nervous system and plays a vital role in maintaining body homeostasis

Answer 31

hypothalamus

Question 32

is a convex mass of gray matter situated posterior to the optic chiasma. It is continuous inferiorly with the infundibulum.

Answer 32

The tuber cinereum

Question 33

is expanded, lies posterior and laterally and overhangs the superior colliculus and its brachium. 

Answer 33

posterior end or pulvinar of thalamus

Question 34

cavity of the third ventricle: is marked by a number of elongations and recesses (extensions). All of its recesses are named according to their related structures

Answer 34

The optic recess The infundibular recess. The suprapineal recess The pineal recess

Question 35

is formed by the hypothalamus (optic chiasma, the tuber cinereum and the infundibulum, the mamillary bodies, and the posterior perforated substance

Answer 35

inferior wall or flour

Question 36

is formed by the tela choroidea of the third ventricle (a membrane consisting of ependyma and a double fold of pia mater), the fornix and the corpus callosum

Answer 36

superior wall or roof

Question 37

is formed by the medial surface of the thalamus superiorly and the hypothalamus inferiorly

Answer 37

lateral wall

Question 38

is formed by a thin sheet of gray matter. The lamina terminalis and the anterior commissure.

Answer 38

anterior wall

Question 39

is formed by the opening into the cerebral aqueduct, superior to this opening is the posterior commissure

Answer 39

posterior wall

Question 40

situated inferior to the thalamus, superior to the substantial nigra and medial to the internal capsule.

Answer 40

Subthalamus

Question 41

by a vascular occlusion, resulting in a motor disturbance on the opposite side of the body, known as

Answer 41

Ballism or hemiballism (Lesion of the subthalamic nucleus )

Question 42

medial surface, is connected to the opposite thalamus by a band of gray matter, the

Answer 42

interthalamic adhesion

Question 43

Hypothalamic Nuclei

Answer 43

supraoptic nucleus | paraventricular nucleus