Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Emergencies Dental > Lecture 5 Part 1 Exam 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Part 1 Exam 2 Flashcards

(53 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What size O2 tank is recommended for a dental office?

A

Size E- 30 mintinues of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the parts of a O2 tank?

A

Regulator
Flow meter
Oxygen outlet
Cylinder
Reducing valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is syncope?

A

sudden, transient loss of consciousness and then quick recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Syncope is often associated with?

A

other underlying condition, stressful condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who is more susceptible for syncope?

A

Common medical problems affecting all ages, children, pregnant mothers and elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the signs of syncope in children?

A
  • Missed meal
  • Heat
  • Dehydration
  • Crying
  • Exertional activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the signs of syncope in elderly?

A

Postural changes
Defecation
Coughing
orthostatic hypotension
Medications
Disease: CHD,HF, diabetes, renal insufficeny,COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the most common medical emergency in the dental office and when does it occur?

A
  • Syncope
  • Occurs during administration of local anesthetics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the different types of syncope?

A
  • Cardiac Synscope- inadequate cardac output
  • Noncardiac syncope-seizures, orthostatic hypotension,stitualtional occurence, hyperventilation, Metabolic disease
  • Neurocardiac syncope-vasodepressors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is neurocardiac snycope?

Maybe more on test

A
  • Activation of the autonomic nervous system
  • fight or flight response
  • Releases catecholemines, epinephrine and norepinephrine
  • Blood can pool in extremities with no movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the etiologies of cardiac syncope

on test

A

Arrhythmic
Obstructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the etiologies of Noncardiac syncope

on test

A

Seizures
Orthostatic Hypotension
Situational occurrences
Hyperventilation
Metabolic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the etiologies of Neurocardiac/Vasodepressor syncope

on test

A
  • Noxious stimuli
  • Activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the signs and sympotoms of presyncope?

A
  • Pallor
  • Pupil dilation
  • Diaphoresis
  • Excitation of piloerector muscles
  • Weakness, dizziness, vertigo
  • Nausea
  • Yawning or sighing
  • Visions changes
  • Increased BP
  • Shortness of breath
  • Heart palpitations
  • Chest pain
  • Slow onset
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the vision changes in presyncope?

A

Darkening
Blurring
Seeing Spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of syncipe ?

A

Unconsciousness
Weak
Slow pulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the treatment of syncope?

A
  • Remove objects from oral cavity
  • Position Supine with feet elevated
  • open airway
  • assess circualtion
  • loosen tight clothing
  • o2
  • VS
  • Do not use ammonia inhalant
  • call EMS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is shock?

A

condition produced when the cardio-vascular pulmonary system fails to deliver enough oxygenated blood to body tissues to support metabolic needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the stages of shock ?

A

Initial
Compensatory
Progressive
Refractory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the first stage of shock

A
  • Cells deprived of oxygen
  • Inhibits ability to produce energy
  • Cells not functioning properly
  • Impacts body systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe the second stage of shock

A

Compensatory- body performs physiological adaptations in an attempt to overcome shock
* increased respiration
* increased BP
* Reduced blood supply to peripheral organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the third stage of shock

Study These Flashcards
A

Progressive- compensatory mechanisms begin to fail.
* If the problem causing shock is not treated, condition will worsen
* vital organs compromised and not functioning appropriately

22
Q

Describe the fourth stage of shock

Study These Flashcards
A

Refractory - failur of vital organs
* Irreversible
* Cell death and brain damage have occured
* Death will occur in a few hours

23
Q

What are the types of shock ?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Hypovolemic shock
  • Cardiogenic
  • Distributive: anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic
  • Obstructive
24
What is Hypovolemic Shock?
**Most common Form ** * Caused by inadequate venous return
25
What is the cause of hypovolemic shock?
Hemorrhage or dehydration (vomiting or diarrhea)
26
Hypovolemic Shock initial symptoms are?
Increased heart rate Rapid, thready pulse Cool skin Reduced urine output Confusion
27
What is the treatment of hypovolemic shock?
Arrest cause of hemorrhage or dehydration supine position contact ems CABS of CPR Monitor Vitals signs Administer oxygen Needs IV fluids to restore blood volume
28
What is Cardiogenic shock
- Reductuon in perfusion due to decreased cardiac output
29
What is the etiologies of cardiogenic shock?
MI Cardiac arrhythmias Cardiac dysfunction
30
What are the signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock?
* Reduction in BP with systolic below 90 * Fast, weak pulse * Cold, clammy skin * Cynanosis * Nonspecific chest pain * shortness of breath * Reduced urine output and confusion
31
What is the treatment for Cardiogenic shock ?
Similar to heart attack - supine positon - contact ems - CABS of CPR - Monitor VS - Oxygen - Needs IV fluids - Cardiac medications needed
32
What is distributive shock?
vasogenic shock: Anaphylactic, Septic and neurogenic
33
What is anaphylatic shock ?
Sudden, massive vasodilation and circulatory collapse after exposure to allergen
34
What is septic shock?
* vasodilatory shock * bacteria invade bloodstream
35
What are the signs of septic shock?
Fever Increase cardiac output tissue edema Pink warm skin restlessness tachycardia thirst eventual respiratory failure
36
What can septic shock cause
Microthrombi formation- small bloodclots
37
What is Neurogenic Shock?
* Loss of sympathetic nerve * Because of emotional trauma, disease, drug or traumatic injury to brain or spinal cord
38
Loss of sympathetic nerve activity causes?
Peripheral dialtion leading to reduction of venous, which decreases cardiac output with low blood pressure
39
What are the signs and symptoms of neurogenic shock?
* Hypotension * Bradycardia * Brain and Kidneys at risk of failure
40
What are the treatment for neurogenic shock?
Positon supine Contact EMS CABs of CPR Monitor vital signs Administer o2 needs drug therapy
41
What is obstructive Shock?
Results from indirect heart pump failure leads to decrease cardiac function and reduce circulation
42
What are the causes of Obstructive shock
* Arterial stenosis * Pulmonary embolism * Cardiac tamponade
43
What are the signs of obstructive shock?
Hypotension- low BP Dyspnea- shortness of breath
44
What is the treatment of Obstructive shock
Position supine contact ems CABS of CPR Monitor vital signs Oxygen Needs IV Fluids Surgical intervention
45
What is hyperventilation?
Rapid, deep breathin Respiration: 22 and 40 respirations
46
Hyperventilation is more common in who?
Females age 30-40
47
When is hyperventilations most commonly occured?
High altitude Pregnant Takes CNS stimulants Asprin toxicity Extremely anxious
48
What are the signs and symptoms of Hyperventilation?
Abnormal prolonged rapid and deep respirations Decrease in carbon dioxide Impairment vision seizures twitching muscles (tetany) Numbness of extremities
49
What does progressive hyperventilation cause?
Hypocalcemia
50
What does hyperventilation mimic?
Pulmonary embolism
51
What is the treatment for Hyperventilation?
Place PT in the positon of their choice Loosen tight clothing in neck region Work with patient to control rate of respirations Monitor vital signs Can give benzodiazepine/lorazepam
52
What should you not do when a patient is experiencing hyperventilation ?
Do not use a paper bag, due to cardiac arrest Oxygen should not be administered

Medical Emergencies Dental (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions