Lecture 5, Pt 3 - Consequences

Question 1

Types of Feedback

Answer 1

Informative
(What was correct)

Corrective
(What was incorrect)

Hegde’s advice: deliver feedback in a factual, unemotional way.

If behavior increases after feedback, it’s reinforcement. If it decreases, it’s punishment!

Question 2

Negative Reinforcement

-Rf

Answer 2

• Aversive stimulus
• There is a behavior that stops/reduces/eliminates the stimulus
• Behavior increases in speed/intensity next time

Recognize the broader context to see the solution more clearly. Change the activity to make it easier/more pleasant!

Question 3

Reinforcement Schedules

Answer 3

Continuous
-every correct response
-shapes non-existent behavior
-generates high response
-used in early therapy
-not natural
-decreases potency
-increase dependency
(new skill, less than 50% correct response)

Intermittent
-use when client is showing success
Types:
 - Ratio Schedule
Fixed / Variable
 - Interval Schedule
Fixed / Variable
(51-80%)

Fade, VI/VR
(81-100%)

Question 4

Prompts and Cues Procedures

Answer 4

Least to Most

• provide least assistance initially and as errors are made, gradually add support
• use for initial/dynamic assessment, refreshing an old skill
• not suggested for cognitive/memory impaired, clients unable to handle errors

Most to Least

• start with maximum assistance that you judge necessary to elicit correct response to increase success and decrease incorrect productions
• use for stroke survivors, TBI, cognitive/memory, low confidence/high anxiety
• sometimes not enough time to fade prompts, dependency, difficult to make some tasks effortless

Hybrid Approach
Ex: DTTC

Question 5

Behavioral Objectives

Answer 5

Performance component
Condition
Criterion
Rationale