Lecture 5 - Respiratory system

Question 1

what is the main function of the respiratory system and what are the aspects

Answer 1

Main function is gaseous exchange: Aspects are ventilation/ alveolar gas exchange/ blood gas transport/ Alveolar - blood equilibrium, cellular gas exchange, regulation of ventilation

Question 2

what is the measurement name of air movement and why is it useful

Answer 2

Spirometry = useful becuse it diagnoses disease and tracks recovery and progress

Question 3

Define the following 
Tidal volume
Inspiratory reserve volume 
Expiratory reserve volume
respiratory rate 
minute ventilation 
residual capacity

Answer 3

Tidal volume - volume of air inspired or expired per breath 0.4-1L - plateaus at 60% of vital capacity
IRV - maximum inspiration at the end of TV - 2.5-3.5L
ERV - maximum expiration at the end of TV -1.2L
Respiratory rate - breathes per minute
Minute ventilation - RR*TV
Air left in the lungs after everything is forced out.

Question 4

Define alveolar ventilation

Answer 4

Refers to the portion of MV that reaches the alveoli and participates in ventilation 70-85%

Question 5

what is the respiratory compensation point

Answer 5

point at which hyperventilation occurs

Question 6

what adaptations are there to endurance training

Answer 6

increased pulmonary ventilation during max exercise/ increased RR,TV / increased pulmonary diffusion / increased ventilation , increased perfusion / decreased sub-maximal ventilation

Question 7

what are the muscles of inspiration

Answer 7

Sternocleidomastoid / scalenes / external intercostals / diaphragm

Question 8

What are the muscles of expiration

Answer 8

Internal intercostals / external obliques / internal obliques / rectus and transversus abdominus

Question 9

what are the 4 predictors of aerobic fitness

Answer 9

VO2 max
Gas exchange
VO2 kinetics
Exercise economy