Lecture 54: Ruminant Digestive Physiology I Flashcards
1
Q
The rumen, reticulum, and omasum are the ruminant fore stomachs. What type of epithelium are they lined with?
A
stratified squamous epithelium
2
Q
Pseudo ruminants have no _________.
A
Omasum
(camels, llamas, alpacas)
3
Q
Microbial fermentation is is accomplished by what type of organims?
A
bacteria
fungi
yeast
protozoa
4
Q
What is prehension?
A
The ability to aquire food with lips and tongue
5
Q
What is rumination?
A
Remastication and regurgitation
6
Q
What is the composition and functions of saliva?
A
Bicarbonate, urea, potassium, inorganic phosphate, chloride
Functions: buffering, adding moisture to food, add salivary lipase
7
Q
What are the environmental conditions needed to support fermentation?
A
- Appropriate substrate
- Temperature around 37 C
- Osmolarity near 300 mOsm
- Anaerobic conditions
- Frequent mixing of ingesta
- Particle size reduction
- Indigestible material removal
- Synchronized movement of fermented content to intestine
- VFA must be buffered to maintain neutral pH (6.5-7; avg 6.8)
8
Q
What is the primary site of fermentation?
A
The rumen
